Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233
  #_id: "B00000199"
  #_source: array:40 [
    "bid" => "B00000199"
    "academId" => "1956"
    "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
    "fullName" => "André FOURÇANS"
    "lastName" => "FOURÇANS"
    "firstName" => "André"
    "title" => array:2 [
      "fr" => "Professeur éminent"
      "en" => "Distinguished Professor"
    ]
    "email" => "fourcans@essec.edu"
    "status" => "ACTIF"
    "campus" => "Campus de Cergy"
    "departments" => []
    "phone" => "+33 (0)1 34 43 30 14"
    "sites" => []
    "facNumber" => "1956"
    "externalCvUrl" => "https://faculty.essec.edu/cv/fourcans-andre/pdf"
    "googleScholarUrl" => "https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=uVhUkzYAAAAJ"
    "facOrcId" => "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9242-4315"
    "career" => array:13 [
      0 => Essec\Faculty\Model\CareerItem {#2246
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:7 [
          "startDate" => "2008-09-01"
          "endDate" => null
          "isInternalPosition" => true
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Positions académiques principales"
            "en" => "Full-time academic appointments"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Professeur éminent"
            "en" => "Distinguished Professor"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "ESSEC Business School"
            "en" => "ESSEC Business School"
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "France"
            "en" => "France"
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      1 => Essec\Faculty\Model\CareerItem {#2247
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:7 [
          "startDate" => "1990-01-01"
          "endDate" => "1993-12-31"
          "isInternalPosition" => true
          "type" => array:2 [
            "en" => "Professional appointments"
            "fr" => "Positions professionnelles"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Conseiller spécial du Commissaire européen en charge de la Fiscalité"
            "en" => "Special Advisor to the European Commissioner in charge of Taxation"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Commission européenne"
            "en" => "Commission européenne"
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Belgique"
            "en" => "Belgium"
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      2 => Essec\Faculty\Model\CareerItem {#2248
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:7 [
          "startDate" => "1976-01-01"
          "endDate" => "1979-12-31"
          "isInternalPosition" => true
          "type" => array:2 [
            "en" => "Professional appointments"
            "fr" => "Positions professionnelles"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Expert monétaire"
            "en" => "Expert monétaire"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Commission européenne"
            "en" => "Commission européenne"
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Belgique"
            "en" => "Belgium"
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      3 => Essec\Faculty\Model\CareerItem {#2249
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:7 [
          "startDate" => "1994-01-01"
          "endDate" => "1999-12-31"
          "isInternalPosition" => true
          "type" => array:2 [
            "en" => "Professional appointments"
            "fr" => "Positions professionnelles"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Membre français du Conseil économique, social et environnemental"
            "en" => "French Member of Economic, Social and Environmental Council"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Conseil Economique Social et Environnemental"
            "en" => "Conseil Economique Social et Environnemental"
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "France"
            "en" => "France"
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      4 => Essec\Faculty\Model\CareerItem {#2250
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:7 [
          "startDate" => "1986-01-01"
          "endDate" => "1989-12-31"
          "isInternalPosition" => true
          "type" => array:2 [
            "en" => "Professional appointments"
            "fr" => "Positions professionnelles"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Député français au Parlement européen"
            "en" => "French Member of European Parliament"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Union Européenne"
            "en" => "Union Européenne"
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "France"
            "en" => "France"
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      5 => Essec\Faculty\Model\CareerItem {#2251
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:7 [
          "startDate" => "1993-01-01"
          "endDate" => "1994-12-31"
          "isInternalPosition" => true
          "type" => array:2 [
            "en" => "Professional appointments"
            "fr" => "Positions professionnelles"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Député français au Parlement européen"
            "en" => "French Member of European Parliament,"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Union Européenne"
            "en" => "Union Européenne"
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "France"
            "en" => "France"
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      6 => Essec\Faculty\Model\CareerItem {#2252
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:7 [
          "startDate" => "1996-01-01"
          "endDate" => "1999-12-31"
          "isInternalPosition" => true
          "type" => array:2 [
            "en" => "Professional appointments"
            "fr" => "Positions professionnelles"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Député français au Parlement européen"
            "en" => "French Member of European Parliament"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Union Européenne"
            "en" => "Union Européenne"
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "France"
            "en" => "France"
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      7 => Essec\Faculty\Model\CareerItem {#2253
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:7 [
          "startDate" => "1977-01-01"
          "endDate" => "1980-12-31"
          "isInternalPosition" => true
          "type" => array:2 [
            "en" => "Other Academic Appointments"
            "fr" => "Autres positions académiques"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Maître de conférence"
            "en" => "Senior Lecturer"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Sciences Po Paris"
            "en" => "Sciences Po Paris"
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "France"
            "en" => "France"
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      8 => Essec\Faculty\Model\CareerItem {#2254
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:7 [
          "startDate" => "1976-01-01"
          "endDate" => "1977-12-31"
          "isInternalPosition" => true
          "type" => array:2 [
            "en" => "Other Academic Appointments"
            "fr" => "Autres positions académiques"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Professeur Visitant"
            "en" => "Visiting Fellow"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Carnegie Mellon University"
            "en" => "Carnegie Mellon University"
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "États-Unis"
            "en" => "United States of America"
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      9 => Essec\Faculty\Model\CareerItem {#2255
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:7 [
          "startDate" => "1976-01-01"
          "endDate" => "1984-12-31"
          "isInternalPosition" => true
          "type" => array:2 [
            "en" => "Other Academic Appointments"
            "fr" => "Autres positions académiques"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Représentant français au Shadow Economic Policy Committee, (direction, professeurs Karl Brunner et Allan Meltzer)"
            "en" => "French Representant at the Shadow Economic Policy Committee, (direction, professors Karl Brunner and Allan Meltzer)"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Shadow Economic Policy Committee"
            "en" => "Shadow Economic Policy Committee"
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "États-Unis"
            "en" => "United States of America"
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      10 => Essec\Faculty\Model\CareerItem {#2256
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:7 [
          "startDate" => "1983-09-01"
          "endDate" => "2008-08-31"
          "isInternalPosition" => true
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Positions académiques principales"
            "en" => "Full-time academic appointments"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Professeur"
            "en" => "Professor"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "ESSEC Business School"
            "en" => "ESSEC Business School"
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "France"
            "en" => "France"
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      11 => Essec\Faculty\Model\CareerItem {#2257
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:7 [
          "startDate" => "1980-09-01"
          "endDate" => "1983-08-31"
          "isInternalPosition" => true
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Positions académiques principales"
            "en" => "Full-time academic appointments"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Professeur associé"
            "en" => "Associate Professor"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "ESSEC Business School"
            "en" => "ESSEC Business School"
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "France"
            "en" => "France"
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      12 => Essec\Faculty\Model\CareerItem {#2258
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:7 [
          "startDate" => "1974-09-01"
          "endDate" => "1977-08-31"
          "isInternalPosition" => true
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Positions académiques principales"
            "en" => "Full-time academic appointments"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Professeur assistant"
            "en" => "Assistant Professor"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "ESSEC Business School"
            "en" => "ESSEC Business School"
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "France"
            "en" => "France"
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
    ]
    "diplomes" => array:4 [
      0 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Diplome {#2235
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:6 [
          "diplome" => "DIPLOMA"
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Diplômes"
            "en" => "Diplomas"
          ]
          "year" => "1974"
          "label" => array:2 [
            "en" => "Doctorate in Business Administration (D.B.A.), major in Finance and Economy"
            "fr" => "Doctorat en Business Administration (D.B.A.), spécialités Finances et Economie"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Indiana University"
            "en" => "Indiana University"
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "États-Unis"
            "en" => "United States of America"
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      1 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Diplome {#2237
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:6 [
          "diplome" => "DIPLOMA"
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Diplômes"
            "en" => "Diplomas"
          ]
          "year" => "1977"
          "label" => array:2 [
            "en" => "Doctorat d'Etat es-Sciences Economiques"
            "fr" => "Doctorat d'Etat es-Sciences Economiques"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Université Paris 2 Panthéon-Assas"
            "en" => "Université Paris 2 Panthéon-Assas"
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "France"
            "en" => "France"
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      2 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Diplome {#2234
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:6 [
          "diplome" => "DIPLOMA"
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Diplômes"
            "en" => "Diplomas"
          ]
          "year" => "1971"
          "label" => array:2 [
            "en" => "Master in Business Administration (M.B.A.)"
            "fr" => "Master in Business Administration (M.B.A.)"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "University of Illinois"
            "en" => "University of Illinois"
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "États-Unis"
            "en" => "United States of America"
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      3 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Diplome {#2238
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:6 [
          "diplome" => "DIPLOMA"
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Diplômes"
            "en" => "Diplomas"
          ]
          "year" => "1968"
          "label" => array:2 [
            "en" => "Ingénieur E.S.B. Paris."
            "fr" => "Ingénieur E.S.B. Paris."
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "ESB Paris"
            "en" => "ESB Paris"
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "France"
            "en" => "France"
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
    ]
    "bio" => array:2 [
      "fr" => null
      "en" => null
    ]
    "department" => array:2 [
      "fr" => "Economie"
      "en" => "Economics"
    ]
    "site" => array:2 [
      "fr" => ""
      "en" => ""
    ]
    "industrrySectors" => array:2 [
      "fr" => null
      "en" => null
    ]
    "researchFields" => array:2 [
      "fr" => "Économie monétaire - Macroéconomie - Economie Internationale et Européenne - Economie Européenne"
      "en" => "Monetary Economics - Macroeconomics - European and International Economics - European Economics"
    ]
    "teachingFields" => array:2 [
      "fr" => "Macroéconomie"
      "en" => "Macroeconomics"
    ]
    "distinctions" => []
    "teaching" => []
    "otherActivities" => array:9 [
      0 => Essec\Faculty\Model\ExtraActivity {#2232
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:9 [
          "startDate" => "1977-01-01"
          "endDate" => null
          "year" => null
          "uuid" => "501"
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Activités professionnelles"
            "en" => "Professional activities"
          ]
          "subType" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Membre d'une association professionnelle, d'un groupe d'experts ou d'un conseil d'administration"
            "en" => "Member of a professional association, of an expert group or of a board of directors"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Membre du Comité de Nomination au Prix en Sciences Économiques à la Mémoire d'Alfred Nobel ("Prix Nobel")"
            "en" => "Member of the Nomination Committee for the Sverigs Risk Bank Price in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel ("Nobel Prize")"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      1 => Essec\Faculty\Model\ExtraActivity {#2236
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:9 [
          "startDate" => "1977-01-01"
          "endDate" => null
          "year" => null
          "uuid" => "204"
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Activités de recherche"
            "en" => "Research activities"
          ]
          "subType" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Membre d'une association académique"
            "en" => "Member of an academic association"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Member of the American Economic Association"
            "en" => "Member of the American Economic Association"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      2 => Essec\Faculty\Model\ExtraActivity {#2239
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:9 [
          "startDate" => "1977-01-01"
          "endDate" => null
          "year" => null
          "uuid" => "204"
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Activités de recherche"
            "en" => "Research activities"
          ]
          "subType" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Membre d'une association académique"
            "en" => "Member of an academic association"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Member of the North American Economics and Finance Association"
            "en" => "Member of the North American Economics and Finance Association"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      3 => Essec\Faculty\Model\ExtraActivity {#2240
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:9 [
          "startDate" => "2017-01-01"
          "endDate" => "2018-12-31"
          "year" => null
          "uuid" => "202"
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Activités de recherche"
            "en" => "Research activities"
          ]
          "subType" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Fonction dans une association académique"
            "en" => "Function in an academic association"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Director and President of The International Trade and Finance Association"
            "en" => "Director and President of The International Trade and Finance Association"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      4 => Essec\Faculty\Model\ExtraActivity {#2241
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:9 [
          "startDate" => "2002-04-01"
          "endDate" => null
          "year" => null
          "uuid" => "501"
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Activités professionnelles"
            "en" => "Professional activities"
          ]
          "subType" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Membre d'une association professionnelle, d'un groupe d'experts ou d'un conseil d'administration"
            "en" => "Member of a professional association, of an expert group or of a board of directors"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Membre du Brussels' Initiatives Group"
            "en" => "Member of Brussels' Initiatives Group"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      5 => Essec\Faculty\Model\ExtraActivity {#2242
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:9 [
          "startDate" => "2017-03-01"
          "endDate" => "2019-12-31"
          "year" => "2017"
          "uuid" => "102"
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Activités de recherche"
            "en" => "Research activities"
          ]
          "subType" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Co-direction d'une revue - Co-rédacteur en chef"
            "en" => "Senior or Associate Editor"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Co-Rédacteur en chef - Global Economy Journal"
            "en" => "Associate editor - Global Economy Journal"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      6 => Essec\Faculty\Model\ExtraActivity {#2243
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:9 [
          "startDate" => "1993-01-01"
          "endDate" => "1993-12-31"
          "year" => "1993"
          "uuid" => "103"
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Activités de recherche"
            "en" => "Research activities"
          ]
          "subType" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Membre d'un comité de lecture"
            "en" => "Editorial Board Membership"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Membre du comité de lecture - European Business and Economic Development"
            "en" => "Editorial board membership - European Business and Economic Development"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      7 => Essec\Faculty\Model\ExtraActivity {#2244
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:9 [
          "startDate" => "1994-01-01"
          "endDate" => "2006-12-31"
          "year" => "1994"
          "uuid" => "103"
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Activités de recherche"
            "en" => "Research activities"
          ]
          "subType" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Membre d'un comité de lecture"
            "en" => "Editorial Board Membership"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Membre du comité de lecture - European Business Review"
            "en" => "Editorial board membership - European Business Review"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
      8 => Essec\Faculty\Model\ExtraActivity {#2245
        #_index: null
        #_id: null
        #_source: array:9 [
          "startDate" => "2004-01-01"
          "endDate" => "2016-12-31"
          "year" => "2004"
          "uuid" => "103"
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Activités de recherche"
            "en" => "Research activities"
          ]
          "subType" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Membre d'un comité de lecture"
            "en" => "Editorial Board Membership"
          ]
          "label" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Membre du comité de lecture - Global Economy Journal"
            "en" => "Editorial board membership - Global Economy Journal"
          ]
          "institution" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "country" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"parent": Essec\Faculty\Model\Profile {#2233}
      }
    ]
    "theses" => []
    "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:22.000Z"
    "contributions" => array:396 [
      0 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2260
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1370"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1370"
          "slug" => "inflation-and-employment-fluctuations-in-transitional-economics"
          "yearMonth" => "1995-01"
          "year" => "1995"
          "title" => "Inflation and Employment Fluctuations in Transitional Economics"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (1995). Inflation and Employment Fluctuations in Transitional Economics. <i>Journal of Public Finance and Public Choice</i>, pp. 189-199."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "189-199"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Le modèle proposé analyse l'impact des facteurs structurels ainsi que l'impact des fluctuations de la demande globale sur l'emploi dans les économies en transition. Il est démontré que les gouvernements peuvent rechercher un taux d'inflation "optimal" , ce taux est d'autant plus faible que la réforme des entreprises et la privatisation sont rapides. Dans ces conditions la stabilisation macroéconomique et la privatisation sont des objectifs mutuellement compatibles."
            "en" => "The proposed model analyses the structural factors determining employment as well as the aggregate demand influence on employment fluctuations in transitional economies. It is shown that governments can seek an "optimal" target inflation rate , this rate is lower the more rapid are enterprise reform and privatisation. Therefore, macroeconomic stabilization and privatization appear like mutually consistent goals."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      1 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2262
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "5543"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "5543"
          "slug" => "central-bank-losses-and-monetary-policy-rules-a-dsge-investigat"
          "yearMonth" => "2019-03"
          "year" => "2019"
          "title" => "Central Bank Losses and Monetary Policy Rules: a DSGE Investigat"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2019). Central Bank Losses and Monetary Policy Rules: a DSGE Investigat. Dans: 15th Western Economic Association International (WEAI) International Conference."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "15th Western Economic Association International (WEAI) International Conference"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-24 10:33:27"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      2 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2264
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "5580"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "5580"
          "slug" => "comment-faire-de-paris-une-des-premieres-places-financieres-internationales"
          "yearMonth" => "1986-12"
          "year" => "1986"
          "title" => "Comment faire de Paris une des premières places financières internationales"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1986). Comment faire de Paris une des premières places financières internationales."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      3 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2261
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "5589"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "5589"
          "slug" => "comment-restaurer-lemploi-en-europe"
          "yearMonth" => "1994-03"
          "year" => "1994"
          "title" => "Comment restaurer l'emploi en Europe"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1994). Comment restaurer l'emploi en Europe."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Des propositions pour améliorer la création d'emploi en Europe. Les mesures sont proposées tant au niveau des institutions européennes qu'au niveau de chaque Etat."
            "en" => "Some proposals to improve the employment situation in Europe. Measures are proposed at the European as well as at the nation state level."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      4 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2265
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "5622"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "5622"
          "slug" => "conjoncture-economique-au-second-semestre-1994"
          "yearMonth" => "1994-11"
          "year" => "1994"
          "title" => "Conjoncture économique au second semestre 1994"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1994). Conjoncture économique au second semestre 1994."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cette communication examine la situation économique française actuelle et à venir et formule des propositions sur les problèmes de fond."
            "en" => "This communication analyses the current and future French economic situation and formulates proposals concerning  the main problems."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      5 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2259
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1498"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1498"
          "slug" => "la-fiscalite-europeenne-situation-et-perspectives"
          "yearMonth" => "1999-03"
          "year" => "1999"
          "title" => "La fiscalité européenne : situation et perspectives"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1999). La fiscalité européenne : situation et perspectives. <i>Revue Française de Comptabilité</i>, pp. 67-72."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "67-72"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "La mise en place de l'euro va influer sur les mouvements de capitaux, de marchandises et d'investissements entre les états membres de la zone euro. Le fonctionnement du grand marché, notamment en matière fiscale, ne va pas manquer d'en être affecté. C'est dans cette optique que cet article étudie les grands domaines de la fiscalité européenne (TVA, accises, fiscalité des entreprises, fiscalité de l'épargne). Il analyse la situation fiscale actuelle et les mesures qui pourraient ou devraient être prises afin de renforcer l'harmonisation européenne."
            "en" => "The introduction of the Euro will influence capital transfers, the transfer of goods and of investments between member states in the Euro zone. The functioning of the large market, particularly as regards taxation, will certainly be affected. It is in this perspective that this article examines the important areas of European taxation (VAT, Excise Duties, Corporate Taxation, and the taxation of savings). The actual tax situation is analysed as well as the measures that could be or should be taken in order to reinforce European harmonisation."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      6 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2263
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1533"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1533"
          "slug" => "la-mondializzazione-miti-e-realta"
          "yearMonth" => "2005-01"
          "year" => "2005"
          "title" => "La mondializzazione: miti e realta"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2005). La mondializzazione: miti e realta. <i>Biblioteca della Libertà</i>, pp. 89-101."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "89-101"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse la question de la mondialisation, avec ses avantages et ses inconvénients. Sont ainsi passées en revue les différentes thématiques généralement associées à cette question : les origines de la mondialisation et son futur possible , les conséquences économiques, le rôle des entreprises, l'environnement, l'état, etc."
            "en" => "This article analyzes the modern globalization, with its pros and cons. Are hence analyzed the items generally associated ot this question: roots of globalization and what to expect in the future, economic consequences, role of firms, environment, role of the State, etc."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      7 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2266
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1546"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1546"
          "slug" => "la-politique-budgetaire-de-la-zone-euro"
          "yearMonth" => "1998-06"
          "year" => "1998"
          "title" => "La politique budgétaire de la zone euro"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1998). La politique budgétaire de la zone euro. <i>Commentaire</i>, pp. 413-419."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "413-419"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Analyse du rôle et des conséquences de la politique budgétaire et fiscale dans le cadre de la monnaie unique. Sont étudiés : les effets de débordement, le policy-mix, la coordination des politiques et la concurrence fiscale."
            "en" => "An analysis of the role and consequences of fiscal and taxation policy within the single currency framework. Points investigated : spill-over effects, policy-mix, coordination of fiscal policy, taxation competition."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      8 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2267
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "5827"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "5827"
          "slug" => "economic-efficiency-and-the-european-tax-system"
          "yearMonth" => "1992-04"
          "year" => "1992"
          "title" => "Economic Efficiency and the European Tax System"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1992). Economic Efficiency and the European Tax System."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      9 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2268
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "5851"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "5851"
          "slug" => "emu-economic-policies-some-long-run-proposals-for-reform"
          "yearMonth" => "2004-09"
          "year" => "2004"
          "title" => "EMU Economic Policies: Some Long-run Proposals for Reform"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2004). EMU Economic Policies: Some Long-run Proposals for Reform. Dans: European Ideas Network. Berlin."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "European Ideas Network"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-08 17:18:01"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      10 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2269
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1625"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1625"
          "slug" => "le-pret-a-penser-ecolo-a-tendance-a-ne-regarder-que-le-bout-de-sa-brindille"
          "yearMonth" => "2004-07"
          "year" => "2004"
          "title" => "Le "prêt à penser" écolo a tendance à ne regarder que le bout de sa brindille"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2004). Le "prêt à penser" écolo a tendance à ne regarder que le bout de sa brindille. <i>Témoignage Chrétien</i>, pp. 18-19."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:30:29"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "18-19"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article propose une analyse économique de l'environnement. Il examine d'abord le bilan environnemental dans divers domaines (énergie et ressources naturelles, pollution de l'air et des eaux, effets de serre, etc.). Puis il évalue les grands principes des mesures susceptibles d'améliorer l'environnement de façon cohérente et "économique"."
            "en" => "This article proposes an economic analysis of our environment. It examines first the stade of our environment in different fields (energy and natural resources, pollution of air and water, green-house effect, etc.). Then, it presents the main principles that should be respected in order to treat the environmental question in a rational and "economic" way."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      11 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2270
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "5870"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "5870"
          "slug" => "enlargement-of-the-european-union-a-united-europe-looking-outwards"
          "yearMonth" => "2000-11"
          "year" => "2000"
          "title" => "Enlargement of the European Union: A United Europe Looking Outwards"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2000). Enlargement of the European Union: A United Europe Looking Outwards."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      12 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2271
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "5906"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "5906"
          "slug" => "european-tax-harmonization-and-economic-optimality"
          "yearMonth" => "1992-11"
          "year" => "1992"
          "title" => "European Tax Harmonization and Economic Optimality"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1992). European Tax Harmonization and Economic Optimality."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      13 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2272
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1708"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1708"
          "slug" => "le-protocope-de-kyoto-relance-ou-enlisement-commentaires"
          "yearMonth" => "2003-08"
          "year" => "2003"
          "title" => "Le protocope de Kyoto, relance ou enlisement ? Commentaires"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2003). Le protocope de Kyoto, relance ou enlisement ? Commentaires. <i>Revue d'économie politique</i>, pp. 477-484."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "477-484"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article étudie le problème de la lutte contre l'effet de serre dans un cadre d'analyse économique général. Il évalue les objectifs de lutte contre le réchauffement, puis les moyens techniques d'action et enfin les stratégies internationales envisageables."
            "en" => "This article studies the greehouse effect within the framework of an economic analysis. It evaluates the objectives of the fight against possible temperature increases, the means of action, and the different international strategies that may be followed."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      14 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2273
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "5983"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "5983"
          "slug" => "fiscal-policy-and-the-euroland-do-we-need-to-handcuff-the-policymarkets"
          "yearMonth" => "2000-10"
          "year" => "2000"
          "title" => "Fiscal Policy and the Euroland: Do we Need to Handcuff the Policymarkets?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et WARIN, T. (2000). Fiscal Policy and the Euroland: Do we Need to Handcuff the Policymarkets? Dans: 50th International Atlantic Economic Conference. Charleston."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "WARIN T."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "50th International Atlantic Economic Conference"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      15 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2274
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "5984"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "5984"
          "slug" => "fiscal-policy-in-the-european-monetary-union-an-analytical-framework"
          "yearMonth" => "2000-06"
          "year" => "2000"
          "title" => "Fiscal Policy in the European Monetary Union: An Analytical Framework"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et WARIN, T. (2000). Fiscal Policy in the European Monetary Union: An Analytical Framework. Dans: International Trade and Finance Association, 10th International Conference. Montpellier."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "WARIN T."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "International Trade and Finance Association, 10th International Conference"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      16 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2275
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1753"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1753"
          "slug" => "leconomia-dell-effetto-serra"
          "yearMonth" => "2004-01"
          "year" => "2004"
          "title" => "L'economia dell' effetto serra"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2004). L'economia dell' effetto serra. <i>Biblioteca della Libertà</i>, pp. 79-88."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "79-88"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse l'ensemble des aspects économiques liés à l'effet de serre. Après un rappel des scénarios de hausse des températures et ses causes possibles, il étudie les conséquences et les coûts économiques et sociaux envisageables. Puis il analyse les coûts de la lutte contre le réchauffement ainsi que les moyens pour ce faire.  Sont notamment étudiées les mesures du Protocole de Kyoto ainsi que leur coût. Il développe enfin les propositions en termes d'économie politique quant à la stratégie à suivre pour intégrer les Etats-Unis et les pays en développement dans le processus."
            "en" => "This article analyses the economic side of the greenhouse effect. After reviewing the various scenarios about the possible temperature increases and their causes, it studies the social and economic consequences that could result. Then it analyses the cost of the fight against the world warming as well as the means to do so. It studies the Kyoto Protocol and its costs. Finally, it conducts a political economy analysis of the strategies to integrate the US and underdeveloped countries into the process."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      17 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2276
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1897"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1897"
          "slug" => "leuro-e-la-politica-di-bilancio"
          "yearMonth" => "1998-09"
          "year" => "1998"
          "title" => "L'euro e la politica di bilancio"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1998). L'euro e la politica di bilancio. <i>Biblioteca della Libertà</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse la politique budgétaire au plan européen et les implications qui résulteraient de la coordination de ces politiques entre les Etats de la zone euro. Il analyse aussi les conséquences d'un mouvement vers un fédéralisme."
            "en" => "This article analyses final policy at the European level as well as what would imply a coordination of these policies within the Euroland. It also analyses the possible consequences of fiscal federalism in Europe."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      18 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2277
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1925"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1925"
          "slug" => "lharmonisation-fiscale-et-leuro"
          "yearMonth" => "1998-12"
          "year" => "1998"
          "title" => "L'harmonisation fiscale et l'euro"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1998). L'harmonisation fiscale et l'euro. <i>Les Petites Affiches</i>, pp. 28-29."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:30:38"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "28-29"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Les implications en matière d'harmonisation fiscale européenne de la mise en place de l'euro. Analyse pour ce qui concerne la fiscalité directe, la fiscalité des entreprises et la fiscalité de l'épargne. Où l'on en est et où l'on pourrait aller."
            "en" => "Implication of the euro in terms of tax harmonization in Europe. An analysis of direct taxation, business taxation and saving taxation. Where are we standing and where could we be heading for."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      19 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2278
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6278"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6278"
          "slug" => "la-cohesion-economique-et-sociale-dans-la-communaute-europeenne"
          "yearMonth" => "1989-01"
          "year" => "1989"
          "title" => "La cohésion économique et sociale dans la communauté européenne"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1989). La cohésion économique et sociale dans la communauté européenne."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      20 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2279
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1979"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1979"
          "slug" => "luem-e-urgente-ed-e-fattibile"
          "yearMonth" => "1995-09"
          "year" => "1995"
          "title" => "L'UEM è urgente, ed è fattibile"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1995). L'UEM è urgente, ed è fattibile. <i>Biblioteca della Libertà</i>, pp. 97-104."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "97-104"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Après une analyse en termes de "public choice" de la construction européenne, l'article développe une stratégie pour construire l'Union Economique et Monétaire de l'Europe. Le succès de cette stratégie dépend crucialement de la crédibilité qui pourra être accordée à la Banque centrale européenne"
            "en" => "After a Public Choice analysis of the building of the European Union, this article presents a strategy for Economic and Monetary Union in Europe. The success of this strategy depends to a large extent on the credibility of the European Central Bank."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      21 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2280
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6286"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6286"
          "slug" => "la-convertibilite-du-rouble"
          "yearMonth" => "1991-06"
          "year" => "1991"
          "title" => "La convertibilité du rouble"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1991). La convertibilité du rouble."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      22 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2281
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6292"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6292"
          "slug" => "la-crise-monetaire-en-europe-comment-en-sortir"
          "yearMonth" => "1993-09"
          "year" => "1993"
          "title" => "La crise monétaire en Europe : comment en sortir"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1993). La crise monétaire en Europe : comment en sortir."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Propositions pour lutter contre la crise monétaire."
            "en" => "Proposals against the monetary crisis."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      23 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2282
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6307"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6307"
          "slug" => "la-france-et-la-construction-du-grand-marche"
          "yearMonth" => "1989-04"
          "year" => "1989"
          "title" => "La France et la construction du Grand Marché"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1989). La France et la construction du Grand Marché."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      24 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2283
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6314"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6314"
          "slug" => "la-liberalisation-des-mouvements-de-capitaux-en-europe"
          "yearMonth" => "1986-10"
          "year" => "1986"
          "title" => "La libéralisation des mouvements de capitaux en Europe"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1986). La libéralisation des mouvements de capitaux en Europe."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      25 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2284
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6321"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6321"
          "slug" => "la-mise-en-place-de-la-phase-2-de-luem"
          "yearMonth" => "1993-11"
          "year" => "1993"
          "title" => "La mise en place de la phase 2 de l'UEM"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1993). La mise en place de la phase 2 de l'UEM."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Les mesures d'accompagnement de la Phase 2 de l'UEM."
            "en" => "Secondary legislation on EMU."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      26 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2285
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6323"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6323"
          "slug" => "la-mondialisation-la-technologie-et-lemploi"
          "yearMonth" => "1997-09"
          "year" => "1997"
          "title" => "La mondialisation, la technologie et l'emploi"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1997). La mondialisation, la technologie et l'emploi."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "L'impact respectif de la mondialisation et de la technologie sur la structure de l'emploi, notamment sur l'emploi des moins qualifiés."
            "en" => "The impact of the globalisation process and of technology on the structure of labor, and especially on the demand for less qualified labor."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      27 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2286
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6329"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6329"
          "slug" => "la-politique-de-concurrence-en-europe"
          "yearMonth" => "1986-11"
          "year" => "1986"
          "title" => "La politique de concurrence en Europe"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1986). La politique de concurrence en Europe."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      28 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2287
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6346"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6346"
          "slug" => "la-supervision-bancaire-et-la-stabilite-monetaire-en-europe"
          "yearMonth" => "1994-05"
          "year" => "1994"
          "title" => "La supervision bancaire et la stabilité monétaire en Europe"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1994). La supervision bancaire et la stabilité monétaire en Europe."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Comment mettre en place un système de supervision bancaire en Europe. Moyens et méthodes pour cet objectif et assurer la stabilité monétaire européenne."
            "en" => "How to establish a system of banking supervision in Europe. Ways and means for this purpose while ensuring monetary stability."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      29 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2288
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6378"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6378"
          "slug" => "le-bilan-economique-et-social-de-la-france"
          "yearMonth" => "1986-06"
          "year" => "1986"
          "title" => "Le bilan économique et social de la France"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1986). Le bilan économique et social de la France."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      30 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2289
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6400"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6400"
          "slug" => "le-grand-marche-et-leurope-de-1992"
          "yearMonth" => "1988-05"
          "year" => "1988"
          "title" => "Le grand marché et l'Europe de 1992"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1988). Le grand marché et l'Europe de 1992."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      31 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2290
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6402"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6402"
          "slug" => "le-lobbying-europeen-comment-ou-aupres-de-qui"
          "yearMonth" => "1994-06"
          "year" => "1994"
          "title" => "Le lobbying européen : comment ? où ? auprès de qui ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1994). Le lobbying européen : comment ? où ? auprès de qui ?"
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Les institutions européennes et le lobbying, comment s'y prendre, où agir, avec qui de sorte à optimiser les résultats."
            "en" => "European institutions and European lobbying. How, where, and with whom to act in order to obtain the best results."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      32 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2291
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6418"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6418"
          "slug" => "le-plan-clinton-evaluation-et-perspectives"
          "yearMonth" => "1993-04"
          "year" => "1993"
          "title" => "Le plan Clinton : évaluation et perspectives"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1993). Le plan Clinton : évaluation et perspectives."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Analyse du plan économique de l'Administration Clinton."
            "en" => "Economic analysis of the Clinton program."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      33 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2292
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6421"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6421"
          "slug" => "le-probleme-de-la-fiscalite-pour-le-tunnel-sous-la-manche"
          "yearMonth" => "1986-12"
          "year" => "1986"
          "title" => "Le problème de la fiscalité pour le tunnel sous la Manche"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1986). Le problème de la fiscalité pour le tunnel sous la Manche."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      34 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2293
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6425"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6425"
          "slug" => "le-rapprochement-fiscal-en-europe"
          "yearMonth" => "1989-04"
          "year" => "1989"
          "title" => "Le rapprochement fiscal en Europe"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1989). Le rapprochement fiscal en Europe."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      35 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2294
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6433"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6433"
          "slug" => "le-sommet-europeen-de-copenhague-satisfactions-frustrations-et-espoirs"
          "yearMonth" => "1993-06"
          "year" => "1993"
          "title" => "Le Sommet européen de Copenhague : satisfactions, frustrations et espoirs"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1993). Le Sommet européen de Copenhague : satisfactions, frustrations et espoirs."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Examen des propositions du Sommet Européen."
            "en" => "Comments on the European Summit."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      36 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2295
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "2080"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "2080"
          "slug" => "money-and-monetary-policy-in-the-eurozone-an-empirical-analysis-during-crises"
          "yearMonth" => "2017-04"
          "year" => "2017"
          "title" => "Money and Monetary Policy in the Eurozone: An Empirical Analysis During Crises"
          "description" => "BENCHIMOL, J. et FOURÇANS, A. (2017). Money and Monetary Policy in the Eurozone: An Empirical Analysis During Crises. <i>Macroeconomic Dynamics</i>, 21(3), pp. 677-707."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "BENCHIMOL J."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:4 [
            0 => "Crises"
            1 => "Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium"
            2 => "Monnaie"
            3 => "Politique monétaire"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2023-02-24 15:18:58"
          "publicationUrl" => "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/macroeconomic-dynamics/article/money-and-monetary-policy-in-the-eurozone-an-empirical-analysis-during-crises/324EDD16C647E5562AB8B6C1A71010A1"
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "677-707"
            "volume" => "21"
            "number" => "3"
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse le rôle de la politique monétaire et de la monnaie, ainsi que les capacités prédictives d’un modèle d’équilibre général dynamique et stochastique selon qu’il y a ou non séparabilité entre monnaie et consommation. L’étude est conduite durant trois périodes de crise dans la zone Euro : la crise du SME, la crise dot.com et la grande crise financière. Les résultats de tests économétriques Bayésiens montrent que pendant ces crises le modèle fondé sur la non-séparabilité conduit à de meilleures prévisions hors échantillon de la production que le modèle de base."
            "en" => "This paper analyzes the role of money and monetary policy as well as the forecasting performance of New Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models with and without separability between consumption and money. The study is conducted over three crisis periods in the Eurozone, namely, the ERM crisis, the dot-com crisis, and the global financial crisis (GFC). The results of successive Bayesian estimations demonstrate that during these crises, the non separable model generally provides better out-of-sample output forecasts than the baseline model."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      37 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2296
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "2081"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "2081"
          "slug" => "money-and-risk-in-a-dsge-framework-a-bayesian-application-to-the-eurozone"
          "yearMonth" => "2012-03"
          "year" => "2012"
          "title" => "Money and Risk in a DSGE Framework: A Bayesian Application to the Eurozone"
          "description" => "BENCHIMOL, J. et FOURÇANS, A. (2012). Money and Risk in a DSGE Framework: A Bayesian Application to the Eurozone. <i>Journal of Macroeconomics</i>, 34(1), pp. 95-111."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "BENCHIMOL J."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:4 [
            0 => "Estimation bayésienne"
            1 => "Modèle DSGE"
            2 => "Monnaie"
            3 => "Zone euro"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2021-02-02 16:16:18"
          "publicationUrl" => "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0164070411000802"
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "95-111"
            "volume" => "34"
            "number" => "1"
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article développe et teste un modèle de la zone euro analysant tout spécialement le rôle de la monnaie et du risque dans la dynamique économique. Le modèle s’inscrit dans le cadre Nouveau Keynésien-DSGE, la monnaie étant introduite dans la fonction d’utilité de façon non-séparable. La monnaie entre aussi dans la règle de Taylor de la BCE. En utilisant des méthodes d’estimations Bayésiennes, notre modèle permet d’éclairer les déterminants de la dynamique de la production, de l’inflation, de la monnaie et des taux d’intérêt. Le rôle de la monnaie est analysé plus en détail. Son impact sur la production dépend du degré de l’aversion au risque des ménages. Lorsque ce degré atteint un niveau suffisant, la monnaie exerce un impact significatif sur les fluctuations économiques."
            "en" => "We present and test a model of the Eurozone, with a special emphasis on the role of risk aversion and money. The model follows the New Keynesian DSGE framework, money being introduced in the utility function with a non-separability assumption. Money is also introduced in the Taylor rule. By using Bayesian estimation techniques, we shed light on the determinants of output, inflation, money, interest rate, flexible-price output, and flexible-price real money balance dynamics. The role of money is investigated further. Its impact on output depends on the degree of risk aversion. A high enough level of risk aversion would imply that money had significant quantitative effects on business cycle fluctuations."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      38 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2297
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6457"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6457"
          "slug" => "leconomie-de-la-grande-bretagne-contemporaine"
          "yearMonth" => "1993-01"
          "year" => "1993"
          "title" => "L'économie de la Grande-Bretagne contemporaine"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1993). L'économie de la Grande-Bretagne contemporaine."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Analyse de la situation économique de la Grande Bretagne."
            "en" => "Economic analysis of the United Kingdom."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      39 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2298
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6459"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6459"
          "slug" => "leconomie-francaise-et-le-grand-marche"
          "yearMonth" => "1989-06"
          "year" => "1989"
          "title" => "L'économie française et le Grand Marché"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1989). L'économie française et le Grand Marché."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      40 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2299
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6465"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6465"
          "slug" => "lelargissement-de-leurope-et-ses-implications-economiques"
          "yearMonth" => "2000-06"
          "year" => "2000"
          "title" => "L'élargissement de l'Europe et ses implications économiques"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2000). L'élargissement de l'Europe et ses implications économiques."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      41 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2300
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6466"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6466"
          "slug" => "lemploi-la-productivite-et-la-croissance-en-europe"
          "yearMonth" => "1993-10"
          "year" => "1993"
          "title" => "L'emploi, la productivité et la croissance en Europe"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1993). L'emploi, la productivité et la croissance en Europe."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Propositions pour l'emploi et la croissance."
            "en" => "Proposals about employment and growth."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      42 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2301
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6475"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6475"
          "slug" => "les-consequences-economiques-du-marche-unique"
          "yearMonth" => "1988-01"
          "year" => "1988"
          "title" => "Les conséquences économiques du marché unique"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1988). Les conséquences économiques du marché unique."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      43 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2302
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6511"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6511"
          "slug" => "les-pme-pmi-et-leurope"
          "yearMonth" => "1990-02"
          "year" => "1990"
          "title" => "Les PME-PMI et l'Europe"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1990). Les PME-PMI et l'Europe."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      44 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2303
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6516"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6516"
          "slug" => "les-relations-economiques-et-commerciales-entre-la-communaute-et-la-turquie"
          "yearMonth" => "1989-03"
          "year" => "1989"
          "title" => "Les relations économiques et commerciales entre la Communauté et la Turquie"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1989). Les relations économiques et commerciales entre la Communauté et la Turquie."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      45 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2304
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6523"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6523"
          "slug" => "leuro-la-coordination-des-politiques-budgetaires-la-fiscalite-europeenne-les-questions-internationales"
          "yearMonth" => "1997-01"
          "year" => "1997"
          "title" => "L'Euro, la Coordination des Politiques Budgétaires, la Fiscalité Européenne, les Questions Internationales."
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1997). L'Euro, la Coordination des Politiques Budgétaires, la Fiscalité Européenne, les Questions Internationales."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Analyses relatives à la mise en place de l'Euro et à ses conséquences sur l'économie."
            "en" => "Analyses about the establishment of the Euro and its consequences on the economy."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      46 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2305
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6555"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6555"
          "slug" => "lintegration-economique-et-monetaire-de-leurope"
          "yearMonth" => "1989-01"
          "year" => "1989"
          "title" => "L'intégration économique et monétaire de l'Europe"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1989). L'intégration économique et monétaire de l'Europe."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      47 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2306
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6586"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6586"
          "slug" => "lunion-economique-et-monetaire-de-leurope"
          "yearMonth" => "1989-04"
          "year" => "1989"
          "title" => "L'union économique et monétaire de l'Europe"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1989). L'union économique et monétaire de l'Europe."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      48 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2307
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6587"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6587"
          "slug" => "lunion-economique-et-monetaire-de-leurope-de-la-theorie-a-la-pratique"
          "yearMonth" => "1992-04"
          "year" => "1992"
          "title" => "L'union économique et monétaire de l'Europe : de la théorie à la pratique"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1992). L'union économique et monétaire de l'Europe : de la théorie à la pratique."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      49 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2308
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6712"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6712"
          "slug" => "modernisation-de-letat-et-competitivite"
          "yearMonth" => "1991-10"
          "year" => "1991"
          "title" => "Modernisation de l'Etat et compétitivité"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1991). Modernisation de l'Etat et compétitivité."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      50 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2309
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6717"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6717"
          "slug" => "moyens-de-controle-des-bourses-dans-les-etats-membres-de-la-communaute"
          "yearMonth" => "1989-02"
          "year" => "1989"
          "title" => "Moyens de contrôle des bourses dans les Etats - membres de la Communauté"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1989). Moyens de contrôle des bourses dans les Etats - membres de la Communauté."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      51 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2310
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6747"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6747"
          "slug" => "nominal-income-versus-inflation-targeting-in-practice"
          "yearMonth" => "2015-05"
          "year" => "2015"
          "title" => "Nominal Income versus Inflation Targeting in Practice"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2015). Nominal Income versus Inflation Targeting in Practice. Dans: 25th International Conference of the \tIT&FA."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "25th International Conference of the \tIT&FA"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      52 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2311
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "510"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "510"
          "slug" => "la-mondialisation-racontee-a-ma-fille-extrait-du-chapitre-10-tout-le-monde-il-est-beau"
          "yearMonth" => "2012-07"
          "year" => "2012"
          "title" => "La mondialisation racontée à ma fille, Extrait du chapitre 10 "Tout le monde il est beau...""
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2012). La mondialisation racontée à ma fille, Extrait du chapitre 10 "Tout le monde il est beau...". <i>Cahiers de l'Évaluation</i>, (6), pp. 22-28."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:2 [
            0 => "Modes de vie"
            1 => "Mondialisation"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2021-02-02 16:16:18"
          "publicationUrl" => "http://www2.toulouse.inra.fr/lerna/treich/Cahier6.pdf"
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "22-28"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => "6"
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse l'impact de la mondialisation sur nos économies et nos modes de vie. Il montre que les choses ne sont pas aussi simples que ne veulent bien le dirent les critiques souvent radicales de la mondialisation."
            "en" => "This article analyses the impact of globalization on our economies and our way of life. It shows that the simplistic criticism of globalization is not justified and misses different main points."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      53 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2312
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1005"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1005"
          "slug" => "diverses-interventions-sur-la-fiscalite-les-marches-boursiers-la-concurrence-les-diplomes-la-monnaie"
          "yearMonth" => "1988-01"
          "year" => "1988"
          "title" => "Diverses interventions sur : la fiscalité, les marchés boursiers, la concurrence, les diplômes, la monnaie"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1988). Diverses interventions sur : la fiscalité, les marchés boursiers, la concurrence, les diplômes, la monnaie. <i>Commission des Communautés Européennes</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:30:10"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      54 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2313
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1006"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1006"
          "slug" => "diverses-interventions-sur-le-developpement-la-fiscalite-la-formation-les-bourses-les-professions"
          "yearMonth" => "1989-01"
          "year" => "1989"
          "title" => "Diverses interventions sur : le développement, la fiscalité, la formation, les bourses, les professions"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1989). Diverses interventions sur : le développement, la fiscalité, la formation, les bourses, les professions. <i>Commission des Communautés Européennes</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:30:10"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      55 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2314
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1144"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1144"
          "slug" => "european-monetary-integration-theoretical-issues-and-practical-implementation"
          "yearMonth" => "1990-05"
          "year" => "1990"
          "title" => "European Monetary Integration: Theoretical Issues and Practical Implementation"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1990). European Monetary Integration: Theoretical Issues and Practical Implementation. <i>International Trade and Finance in the 1990s, ITFA</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 09:13:58"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      56 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2315
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1145"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1145"
          "slug" => "european-monetary-union-theory-and-practice"
          "yearMonth" => "1991-01"
          "year" => "1991"
          "title" => "European Monetary Union: Theory and Practice"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1991). European Monetary Union: Theory and Practice. <i>Journal of Public Finance and Public Choice</i>, pp. 3-20."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 09:42:49"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "3-20"
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      57 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2316
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1229"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1229"
          "slug" => "fiscalita-europea-ed-efficienza-economica"
          "yearMonth" => "1992-04"
          "year" => "1992"
          "title" => "Fiscalità Europea ed Efficienza Economica"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1992). Fiscalità Europea ed Efficienza Economica. <i>Biblioteca della Libertà</i>, pp. 85-105."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "85-105"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Analyse théorique des réformes fiscales européennes à la lumière des conditions d'optimalité économique."
            "en" => "This article analyses to what extent European tax reform proposals are in line with optimality criteria"
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      58 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2317
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1532"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1532"
          "slug" => "la-mondialisation-une-chance-a-ne-pas-rater"
          "yearMonth" => "1997-01"
          "year" => "1997"
          "title" => "La mondialisation : une chance à ne pas rater."
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1997). La mondialisation : une chance à ne pas rater. <i>Reflets ESSEC Magazine</i>, pp. 3."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 10:19:36"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "3"
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une explication des conséquences de la mondialisation sur l'économie. Les gains de l'échange international et les nécessaires adaptations qu'il implique."
            "en" => "An explanation of the consequences of the globalization process on the economy. The gains from international trade and necessary adaptations it implies."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      59 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2318
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1538"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1538"
          "slug" => "la-nouvelle-politique-economique-et-lemploi"
          "yearMonth" => "1986-07"
          "year" => "1986"
          "title" => "La nouvelle politique économique et l'emploi"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1986). La nouvelle politique économique et l'emploi. <i>Ressources Humaines</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:30:26"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      60 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2319
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1556"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1556"
          "slug" => "la-protection-sociale-aujourdhui-et-demain"
          "yearMonth" => "1986-01"
          "year" => "1986"
          "title" => "La protection sociale, aujourd'hui et demain"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1986). La protection sociale, aujourd'hui et demain. <i>Ressources Humaines</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:30:27"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      61 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2320
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1575"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1575"
          "slug" => "la-situation-de-leconomie-mondiale-impose-une-acceleration-de-la-mise-en-place-du-grand-marche"
          "yearMonth" => "1987-12"
          "year" => "1987"
          "title" => "La situation de l'économie mondiale impose une accélération de la mise en place du grand marché"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1987). La situation de l'économie mondiale impose une accélération de la mise en place du grand marché. <i>CNPF : La Revue des Entreprises</i>, pp. 111-113."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:30:27"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "111-113"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      62 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2321
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1602"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1602"
          "slug" => "lalternance-source-de-conflits-sociaux"
          "yearMonth" => "1986-04"
          "year" => "1986"
          "title" => "L'alternance source de conflits sociaux ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1986). L'alternance source de conflits sociaux ? <i>Ressources Humaines</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:30:28"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      63 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2322
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1712"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1712"
          "slug" => "le-retour-des-vieux-demons"
          "yearMonth" => "1993-03"
          "year" => "1993"
          "title" => "Le retour des vieux démons"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1993). Le retour des vieux démons. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse dans quelle mesure une relance et une baisse des taux d'intérêt règleraient le problème du chômage, en France."
            "en" => "An analysis of interest rate and monetary policy in France."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      64 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2323
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1891"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1891"
          "slug" => "les-vraies-consequences-du-grand-marche-europeen-pour-lentreprise-francaise"
          "yearMonth" => "1990-09"
          "year" => "1990"
          "title" => "Les vraies conséquences du grand marché européen pour l'entreprise française"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1990). Les vraies conséquences du grand marché européen pour l'entreprise française. <i>Revue Française de Gestion</i>, pp. 53-58."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "53-58"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      65 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2324
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1902"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1902"
          "slug" => "leurope-selon-maggie"
          "yearMonth" => "1989-01"
          "year" => "1989"
          "title" => "L'Europe selon Maggie"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1989). L'Europe selon Maggie. <i>Le Nouvel Economiste</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      66 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2325
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1981"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1981"
          "slug" => "lunion-monetaire-de-leurope-fondements-theoriques-problemes-et-propositions"
          "yearMonth" => "1991-01"
          "year" => "1991"
          "title" => "L'union monétaire de l'Europe : fondements théoriques, problèmes et propositions"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1991). L'union monétaire de l'Europe : fondements théoriques, problèmes et propositions. <i>Revue d'économie politique</i>, pp. 127-150."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "127-150"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      67 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2326
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "2134"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "2134"
          "slug" => "one-currency-for-europe-from-theory-to-practice"
          "yearMonth" => "1992-05"
          "year" => "1992"
          "title" => "One Currency for Europe: From Theory to Practice"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1992). One Currency for Europe: From Theory to Practice. <i>European Research</i>, pp. 1-5."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 09:25:50"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "1-5"
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Examen des avantages et inconvénients de la monnaie unique et des systèmes alternatifs. Stratégie pour la construction de l'Union Economique et Monétaire de l'Europe."
            "en" => "The study of pros and cons of a common currency, as well as those of alternative systems. What strategy for  the European Monetary Union ?"
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      68 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2327
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "2190"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "2190"
          "slug" => "paris-la-grande-place-financiere-internationale-de-demain"
          "yearMonth" => "1987-05"
          "year" => "1987"
          "title" => "Paris : la grande place financière internationale de demain ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A., HUBERT, V. et PENE, D. (1987). Paris : la grande place financière internationale de demain ? <i>Banque</i>, pp. 438-443."
          "authors" => array:3 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "HUBERT V."
            ]
            2 => array:1 [
              "name" => "PENE D."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-08 17:10:17"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "438-443"
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      69 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2328
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "2347"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "2347"
          "slug" => "quelles-chances-pour-la-nouvelle-nep-a-lest"
          "yearMonth" => "1989-12"
          "year" => "1989"
          "title" => "Quelles chances pour la "Nouvelle NEP" à l'Est"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1989). Quelles chances pour la "Nouvelle NEP" à l'Est. <i>Le Nouvel Economiste</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      70 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2329
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "2369"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "2369"
          "slug" => "rapports-du-parlement-europeen"
          "yearMonth" => "1988-05"
          "year" => "1988"
          "title" => "Rapports du Parlement Européen"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1988). Rapports du Parlement Européen. <i>Journal Officiel des Communautés Européennes</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:30:51"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      71 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2330
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "768"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "768"
          "slug" => "central-bank-losses-and-monetary-policy-rules-a-dsge-investigation"
          "yearMonth" => "2019-05"
          "year" => "2019"
          "title" => "Central Bank Losses and Monetary Policy Rules: a DSGE Investigation"
          "description" => "BENCHIMOL, J. et FOURÇANS, A. (2019). Central Bank Losses and Monetary Policy Rules: a DSGE Investigation. <i>International Review of Economics and Finance</i>, 61, pp. 289-303."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "BENCHIMOL Jonathan"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Monetary policy"
            1 => "Monetary rule"
            2 => "Central bank loss"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-24 10:33:27"
          "publicationUrl" => "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1059056018308682?via%3Dihub"
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "289-303"
            "volume" => "61"
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Central banks' monetary policy rules being consistent with policy objectives are a fundamental of applied monetary economics. We seek to determine, first, which of the central bank's rules are most in line with the historical data for the US economy and, second, what policy rule would work best to assist the central bank in reaching its objectives via several loss function measures."
            "en" => "Central banks' monetary policy rules being consistent with policy objectives are a fundamental of applied monetary economics. We seek to determine, first, which of the central bank's rules are most in line with the historical data for the US economy and, second, what policy rule would work best to assist the central bank in reaching its objectives via several loss function measures."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      72 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2331
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "780"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "780"
          "slug" => "chomage-structurel-et-emploi-dans-les-economies-en-transition"
          "yearMonth" => "1996-03"
          "year" => "1996"
          "title" => "Chômage structurel et emploi dans les économies en transition"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (1996). Chômage structurel et emploi dans les économies en transition. <i>Revue française d'économie</i>, pp. 3-28."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "3-28"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Les économies en transition ont entrepris une formidable transformation organisationnelle dont l'impact sur  le marché du travail est non moins formidable. Le modèle que nous proposons analyse les facteurs structurels qui influent sur le taux de chômage, mais aussi sur l'emploi et le salaire dans les trois secteurs qui constituent notre vision de ces économies. Sont ainsi étudiés l'impact de la privatisation et de la réforme des entreprises, des indemnités de chômage et du salaire minimum. Les implications de politique économique qui peuvent en découler sont ensuite discutées."
            "en" => "Transitional economies undertake an outstanding transformation of their organizational system which leads to significant changes in their labor market. The proposed model analyses the structural factors that affect total unemployment, but also employment and wages in three different economic sub-sectors. The impact of privatization and company reform, of unemployment benefits and minimum wage laws are thus analysed. Conclusions are finally drawn about the economic policy that results from these changes."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      73 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2332
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "855"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "855"
          "slug" => "conjoncture-economique-au-premier-semestre-1995-rapport-au-conseil-economique-et-social"
          "yearMonth" => "1995-07"
          "year" => "1995"
          "title" => "Conjoncture économique au premier semestre 1995. Rapport au Conseil Economique et Social"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1995). Conjoncture économique au premier semestre 1995. Rapport au Conseil Economique et Social. <i>Journal Officiel</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "La situation économique internationale et française au 1er semestre 1995. Prévisions quant à l'évolution de la conjoncture 1995. Prévisions quant à l'évolution de la conjoncture pour les mois à venir. Evaluation de la politique économique et de son impact. Propositions de politique économique."
            "en" => "The French and international economic situations as of June 1995. Prospects for the economic situation over the coming months. Evaluation and analysis of French economic policy. Proposals to increase employment and growth."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      74 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2333
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3157"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3157"
          "slug" => "leconomie-expliquee-a-ma-fille"
          "yearMonth" => "2011-01"
          "year" => "2011"
          "title" => "L'économie expliquée à ma fille"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2011). <i>L'économie expliquée à ma fille</i>. Gimm Young, 192 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Economie"
            1 => "Politique économique"
            2 => "Théorie économique"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 12:55:19"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une présentation pédagogique et allègre de la théorie économique"
            "en" => "A pedagogical and good humored presentation of economic theory, especially macroeconomics, for a wide non-specialist readership. A serious approach of the current important economic questions as well as of their scientific background, in which the author does not take himself too seriously."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      75 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2334
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3658"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3658"
          "slug" => "firmele-si-mediul-etica-sau-stimulente"
          "yearMonth" => "2006-01"
          "year" => "2006"
          "title" => "Firmele si mediul : etica sau stimulente?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2006). Firmele si mediul : etica sau stimulente? Dans: <i>Frontiere etice ale capitalismului</i>. 1st ed. Polirom, pp. 233-253."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Frontiere etice ale capitalismului"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "233-253"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Chapitres"
            "en" => "Book chapters"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      76 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2335
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1067"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1067"
          "slug" => "effet-de-serre-mythes-et-realites"
          "yearMonth" => "2003-02"
          "year" => "2003"
          "title" => "Effet de serre : mythes et réalités"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2003). Effet de serre : mythes et réalités. <i>Constructif</i>, pp. 67-70."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:30:12"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "67-70"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Face à un réchauffement annoncé de la planète ont il tempère les estimations, l'article plaide pour une stratégie progressive des pays riches visant, par des investissements lourds dans la recherche sur les technologies propres, à aider les pays en développement à engager des politiques de croissance moins polluantes."
            "en" => "To face the climate change due to the greenhouse effect, this article proposes a gradual policy for rich countries, among other measures via investments in R&D on clean technologies, that could also help underdeveloped countries to create a less polluting economic growth."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      77 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2336
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1146"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1146"
          "slug" => "european-taxation-theoretical-foundations-and-practical-implementation"
          "yearMonth" => "1993-09"
          "year" => "1993"
          "title" => "European Taxation: Theoretical Foundations and Practical Implementation"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1993). European Taxation: Theoretical Foundations and Practical Implementation. <i>European Business and Economic Development</i>, pp. 7-14."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 12:36:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "7-14"
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Après une revue de la théorie des réformes fiscales multilatérales, l'article analyse, à la lumière des principes théoriques, l'économie institutionnelle de la réforme fiscale européenne, surtout au niveau de l'entreprise."
            "en" => "After a review of multilateral tax reform theories, the articles analyses the institutional economics tied to European fiscal reform, especially at company level."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      78 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2337
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "5123"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "5123"
          "slug" => "the-economics-of-climate-change"
          "yearMonth" => "2017-06"
          "year" => "2017"
          "title" => "The Economics of Climate Change"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2017). The Economics of Climate Change. Dans: <i>27th International Conference, International Trade and Finance Association</i>. International Trade and Finance Association (ITFA)."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "27th International Conference, International Trade and Finance Association"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-24 10:33:27"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Actes d'une conférence"
            "en" => "Conference Proceedings"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      79 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2338
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "5254"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "5254"
          "slug" => "discussant-de-banks-and-corporate-control-in-japan"
          "yearMonth" => "1992-06"
          "year" => "1992"
          "title" => ""Discussant" de "Banks and Corporate Control in Japan""
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A., MORCK, R. et NAKAMURA, M. (1992). "Discussant" de "Banks and Corporate Control in Japan"."
          "authors" => array:3 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "MORCK R."
            ]
            2 => array:1 [
              "name" => "NAKAMURA M."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      80 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2339
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1228"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1228"
          "slug" => "fiscal-policy-in-the-european-monetary-union-analytical-framework"
          "yearMonth" => "2000-07"
          "year" => "2000"
          "title" => "Fiscal Policy in the European Monetary Union: Analytical Framework"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et WARIN, T. (2000). Fiscal Policy in the European Monetary Union: Analytical Framework. <i>Global Economy Journal</i>, pp. 205-216."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "WARIN T."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:30:17"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "205-216"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "L'objet de cet article est d'examiner les règles de coordination budgétaire en Europe. Et d'en déduire le système institutionnel optimal. Le modèle proposé part de l'hypothèse d'une règle parfaite de coordination. Deux cas sont considérés : (1) une règle stricte de coordination , (2) une règle flexible de coordination. Le premier cas est analysé via un modèle avec information symétrique, le deuxième avec information asymétrique. Les résultats théoriques débouchent sur des implications de politique économique."
            "en" => "The objective of this article is to analyze the efficiency conditions of a coordinate rule. And from there, to establish the institutional framework best adapted to this rule. The proposed model starts from a position of perfect coordination of fiscal policies. Two cases are considered: (1) a strict coordination rule, (2) a flexible coordination rule. The first case is modeled within a symmetric information game, the second one within an asymmetric information situation. The theoretical results suggest policy implications about the optimal institutional structure in Europe."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      81 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2340
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "1231"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "1231"
          "slug" => "fiscalite-europeenne-et-efficacite-economique"
          "yearMonth" => "1993-03"
          "year" => "1993"
          "title" => "Fiscalité européenne et efficacité économique"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1993). Fiscalité européenne et efficacité économique. <i>Revue française d'économie</i>, pp. 41-73."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "41-73"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse les propositions de réformes fiscales au plan européen et examine dans quelle mesure ces propositions satisfont aux conditions de l'optimalité économique, notamment en ce qui concerne les distorsions entre pays. En règle générale, on peut conclure que les réformes ne devraient pas être sources de distorsions et d'inefficiences supplémentaires significatives."
            "en" => "The aim of this article is to analyse to what extent European tax reform proposals are in line with optimality criteria. Proposals are analysed in terms of distortions and efficiency. It is shown that the new European tax system should not, generally, be source of significant new distorsions and inefficiencies."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      82 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2341
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "7873"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "7873"
          "slug" => "a-model-of-structural-and-cyclical-employment-in-transitional-economies"
          "yearMonth" => "1995-01"
          "year" => "1995"
          "title" => "A Model of Structural and Cyclical Employment in Transitional Economies"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (1995). <i>A Model of Structural and Cyclical Employment in Transitional Economies</i>. ESSEC Business School."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 21:00:33"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Documents de travail"
            "en" => "Working Papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Le modèle proposé analyse l'impact des facteurs structurels ainsi que l'impact des fluctuations de la demande globale sur l'emploi dans les économies en transition. Il est démontré que les gouvernements peuvent rechercher un taux d'inflation "optimal" , ce taux est d'autant plus faible que la réforme des entreprises et la privatisation sont rapides. Dans ces conditions la stabilisation macroéconomique et la privatisation sont des objectifs mutuellement compatibles."
            "en" => "The proposed model analyses the structural factors determining employment as well as the aggregate demand influence on employment fluctuations in transitional economies. It is shown that governments can seek an "optimal" target inflation rate , the quicker the pace of enterprise reforms and privatization, the lower the inflation rate."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      83 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2342
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8002"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8002"
          "slug" => "ecb-monetary-policy-rule-some-theory-and-empirical-evidence"
          "yearMonth" => "2002-05"
          "year" => "2002"
          "title" => "ECB Monetary Policy Rule: Some Theory and Empirical Evidence"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (2002). <i>ECB Monetary Policy Rule: Some Theory and Empirical Evidence</i>. ESSEC Business School."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 21:00:33"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Documents de travail"
            "en" => "Working Papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article propose plusieurs estimations économétriques d’une règle de Taylor pour la BCE, sur la base de données mensuelles extrêmement entre 1999.04 et 2002.02. Nos résultats montrent que la Banque centrale présente un comportement rigoureux : elle augmente son principal taux directeur de 1.2 points chaque fois que le taux d’inflation excède de 1 point le taux cible. Comme la FED, sa politique monétaire semble influencée par l’activité économique. La Banque va lisser dans le temps ses interventions sur le taux. Contrairement à l’un des objectifs annoncés, elle ne semble pas réagir aux fluctuations du taux de croissance de M3."
            "en" => "This paper estimates different monetary policy rules for the ECB with monthly data during the period 1999.04-2002.02. The results show that the ECB exhibits a rather conservative behavior: a 1 percentage point increase in the inflation rate above its target brings about a 1.2 percentage point increase in the interest rate. Like the FED, its policy is influenced by real activity. The Bank also smoothes changes in interest rates over time. Despite the announced money growth “reference value”, it does not reacts to changes in M3 growth rates."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      84 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2343
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8027"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8027"
          "slug" => "euroland-versus-usa-a-theoretical-framework-for-monetary-strategies"
          "yearMonth" => "1999-05"
          "year" => "1999"
          "title" => "Euroland versus USA: A Theoretical Framework for Monetary Strategies"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et WARIN, T. (1999). <i>Euroland versus USA: A Theoretical Framework for Monetary Strategies</i>. ESSEC Business School."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "WARIN T."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 21:00:33"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Documents de travail"
            "en" => "Working Papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "La Banque Centrale Européenne devrait-elle considérer le taux de change euro-dollar comme un objectif de sa politique monétaire ? Quelles en seraient alors les conséquences pour ce qui concerne la volatilité du taux de change ? Dans cette perspective, l'objectif de cet article est d'étudier les stratégies monétaires possibles des américains et des européens. On utilise la théorie des jeux, d'abord dans le cadre d'un horizon fini puis infini, avec deux stratégies possibles ("faucon" et "colombe"). Selon l'horizon choisi, la solution d'équilibre débouche sur deux implications essentielles. Dans le cas de l'horizon fini, l'optimum de Pareto ne peut être obtenu que si les deux joueurs se mettent d'accord pour ne pas chercher à tromper les anticipations de taux de change que peut avoir l'autre. Dans le cas de l'horizon infini, c'est l'intérêt de chacun des joueurs d'adresser un signal fort et clair à l'autre quant à sa stratégie. Cette analyse débouche sur des recommandations de politique monétaire pour ce qui concerne la Banque Centrale Européenne vis-à-vis de la Fed."
            "en" => "Should the new European Central Bank take the euro-dollar exchange rate as an objective of its policy? And what would then be the consequences on the volatility of the euro-dollar exchange rate? In the light of these questions, the aim of this article is to study the various possible strategies of both the American and European policy makers. For that, we use a game theoretical approach, first with a finite horizon, second with an infinite one. Two strategies are possible ("hawk" and "dove"). Depending on the time horizon, the equilibrium solution leads to two main implications. First, in the finite horizon case, an optimal Pareto solution can only be attained if both players mutually agree not to disrupt each other's expectations on the exchange rate. Secondly, in the infinite horizon situation, it is in the interest of each player to address a clear and strong signal to the other about its own strategy. This result leads to some propositions as to the optimal strategy of the European Central Bank with respect to the Federal reserve system."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      85 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2344
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8028"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8028"
          "slug" => "european-monetary-union-theory-and-practice"
          "yearMonth" => "1991-04"
          "year" => "1991"
          "title" => "European Monetary Union: Theory and Practice"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1991). <i>European Monetary Union: Theory and Practice</i>. ESSEC Business School."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 09:42:58"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Documents de travail"
            "en" => "Working Papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "L'Union Monétaire de l'Europe soulève de multiples problèmes tant théoriques qu'empiriques. La première partie de cet article analyse les fondements théoriques de l'union en comparaison de ceux justifiant d'autres systèmes. La deuxième partie examine en quoi les soubassements théoriques indispensables à l'Union sont, ou ne sont pas pris en compte dans les propositions institutionnelles EMU."
            "en" => "European Monetary Union raises several theoretical and empirical questions. The first part of the paper compares, at the theoretical level, the foundations of the Union versus those of other systems. Part two studies to what extent these theoretical foundations are, or are not, taken into consideration in the institutional proposals for UME."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      86 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2345
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8052"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8052"
          "slug" => "fiscalite-europeenne-et-optimalite-economique"
          "yearMonth" => "1992-01"
          "year" => "1992"
          "title" => "Fiscalité européenne et optimalité économique"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1992). <i>Fiscalité européenne et optimalité économique</i>. ESSEC Business School."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 21:00:33"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Documents de travail"
            "en" => "Working Papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse les propositions de réformes fiscales au plan européen à la lumière des critères d'optimalité. Après un développement sur les fondements théoriques de ces critères, il analyse dans quelle mesure ces propositions satisfont aux conditions de l'optimalité économique, notamment en ce qui concerne les distorsions entre pays. Sont étudiées la fiscalité de l'épargne, celle de la TVA et des accises, puis la fiscalité des entreprises et celle transfrontière , sont aussi abordées les conséquences possibles des prélèvements sur les salaires. En règle générale, on peut conclure que les réformes proposées (dont certaines sont déjà appliquées) ne devraient pas être sources de distorsions et d'inefficiences supplémentaires significatives , elles devraient au contraire conduire à l'élimination d'un certain nombre de celles-ci, sinon dans l'immédiat du moins à terme si les objectifs fiscaux affichés sont atteints."
            "en" => "The aim of this article is to analyse to what extent European tax reform proposals are in line with optimality criteria. After a brief review of the literature, proposals are analysed in terms of distortions and efficiency. Taxes on investment income, VAT and excise taxes, corporate and cross-border taxes are evaluated in this light. It is shown thatgenerally  the new European tax system should not be a source of new important distortions and inefficiencies , on the contrary,  it should lead to the elimination of many of those, if not immediately, at least in the medium-term, as far as the avowed tax reform proposals are implemented."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      87 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2346
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8099"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8099"
          "slug" => "is-the-ecb-so-special-a-qualitative-and-quantitative-analysis"
          "yearMonth" => "2006-03"
          "year" => "2006"
          "title" => "Is the ECB So Special? A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (2006). <i>Is the ECB So Special? A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis</i>. ESSEC Business School."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:5 [
            0 => "BCE et Fed "
            1 => "Politique monétaire "
            2 => "Règle de Taylor"
            3 => "VAR"
            4 => "Zone euro"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-08 17:22:47"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Documents de travail"
            "en" => "Working Papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article étudie la politique monétaire de la BCE sur la période 1999-2005 en s'appuyant sur une analyse qualitative basée sur l'interprétation des messages du Président de la banque centrale ainsi qu'une analyse empirique des principales décisions. Cette dernière analyse propose plusieurs estimations de la règle de Taylor de la BCE et développe un modèle vectoriel autorégressif de la zone euro, afin d'étudier l'impact des chocs du taux d'intérêt. Ces résultats sont mis en perspective avec la politique monétaire de la Fed."
            "en" => "This paper analyses the European Central Bank (ECB) monetary policy over the period 1999-2005, both from a qualitative and a quantitative perspective, and compares it with the Federal Reserve Bank. The qualitative approach builds on information conveyed by various speeches of the central bank officers, mainly the President of the ECB, Jean-Claude Trichet. The quantitative analysis provides several estimates of what could have been the ECB and Fed interest rate rules. It also develops a VAR model of both the Euro zone and the US economy so as to analyze dynamic effects of an interest rate shock. Both the qualitative and quantitative analyses point to the difficult task of the ECB, which must build credibility while managing monetary policy under major uncertainty about the structure of the new Euro area. They also suggest that, apart from the ECB's credibility building, differences between the observed behaviour of the ECB and the Fed over the time period under investigation should be accounted for by differences in the economic outlook of the two areas, rather than in the goals of the central bankers."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      88 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2347
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8144"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8144"
          "slug" => "la-supervision-des-banques-commerciales-et-des-institutions-financieres-et-la-stabilite-monetaire"
          "yearMonth" => "1994-06"
          "year" => "1994"
          "title" => "La supervision des banques commerciales et des institutions financières et la stabilité monétaire"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1994). <i>La supervision des banques commerciales et des institutions financières et la stabilité monétaire</i>. ESSEC Business School."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 21:00:33"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Documents de travail"
            "en" => "Working Papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Ce rapport examine l'état du système de contrôle prudential en Europe. Il fait ensuite des propositions quant à l'évolution qu'il devrait suivre dans le cadre de l'Union économique et monétaire afin d'assurer au mieux la stabilité monétaire, avant et après la mise en place de la monnaie unique."
            "en" => "This report studies the prudential control of banks in Europe. It makes proposals for reforms as Europe moves towards Monetary Union in order to ensure monetary stability, before and after a single currency is established."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      89 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2348
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8200"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8200"
          "slug" => "les-objectifs-et-instruments-dune-politique-monetaire"
          "yearMonth" => "1994-06"
          "year" => "1994"
          "title" => "Les objectifs et instruments d'une politique monétaire"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1994). <i>Les objectifs et instruments d'une politique monétaire</i>. ESSEC Business School."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 21:00:33"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Documents de travail"
            "en" => "Working Papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Ce rapport étudie les objectifs et instruments de la politique monétaire européenne, avant et après la mise en place d'une monnaie unique. Après un examen de la situation des différents Etats membres sur ces questions, il fait des propositions quant à la mise en place de la politique monétaire européenne, avant et après la mise en place de la Banque centrale européenne."
            "en" => "This report studies the goals and instruments of European monetary policy, before and after the establishment of a single currency. After a review of monetary policy within each member state, proposals are made as to the type of monetary policy that the European union should follow, before and after a European Central Bank is set up."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      90 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2349
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8276"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8276"
          "slug" => "money-and-risk-aversion-in-a-dsge-framework-a-bayesian-application-to-the-euro-zone"
          "yearMonth" => "2010-04"
          "year" => "2010"
          "title" => "Money and Risk Aversion in a DSGE Framework: A Bayesian Application to the Euro Zone"
          "description" => "BENCHIMOL, J. et FOURÇANS, A. (2010). <i>Money and Risk Aversion in a DSGE Framework: A Bayesian Application to the Euro Zone</i>. ESSEC Business School."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "BENCHIMOL J."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:4 [
            0 => "Estimation bayésienne"
            1 => "Modèle DSGE"
            2 => "Monnaie"
            3 => "Zone euro"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 21:00:33"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Documents de travail"
            "en" => "Working Papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article présente un modèle théorique et empirique de la zone euro, en mettant en perspective le rôle de la monnaie. Le modèle s’inscrit dans le cadre « Nouveaux Keynésiens-DSGE », la monnaie étant introduite dans la fonction d’utilité des ménages sous une forme non-séparable. En testant le modèle selon la méthode bayésienne nous expliquons la variance de la production et de l’inflation, mais aussi du taux d’intérêt, des balances réelles, de la production  et des balances réelles en prix flexibles. Le rôle de la monnaie est analysé plus particulièrement. Nous montrons que son impact sur la production dépend du degré d’aversion au risque des agents, qu’il augmente avec ce degré, et qu’il devient significatif quand l’aversion au risque inter-temporel est suffisamment élevée. L’impact direct de la monnaie est en revanche très limité pour expliquer la variance de l’inflation, la politique monétaire, via le taux d’intérêt, constituant le facteur dominant."
            "en" => "In this paper, we set up and test a model of the Euro zone, with a special emphasis on the role of money. The model follows the New Keynesian DSGE framework, money being introduced in the utility function with a non-separability assumption. By using bayesian estimation techniques, we shed light on the determinants of output and inflation, but also of the interest rate, real money balances, flexible-price output and flexible-price real money balances variances. The role of money is investigated further. We find that its impact on output depends on the degree of agents’ risk aversion, increases with this degree, and becomes significant when risk aversion is high enough. The direct impact of the money variable on inflation variability is essentially minor whatever the risk aversion level, the interest rate (monetary policy) being the overwhelming explanatory factor."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      91 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2350
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8277"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8277"
          "slug" => "money-in-a-dsge-framework-with-an-application-to-the-euro-zone"
          "yearMonth" => "2009-09"
          "year" => "2009"
          "title" => "Money in a DSGE Framework with an Application to the Euro Zone"
          "description" => "BENCHIMOL, J. et FOURÇANS, A. (2009). <i>Money in a DSGE Framework with an Application to the Euro Zone</i>. ESSEC Business School."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "BENCHIMOL J."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:4 [
            0 => "BCE"
            1 => "Inflation"
            2 => "Monnaie"
            3 => "Politique monétaire"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 21:00:33"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Documents de travail"
            "en" => "Working Papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Le "nouveau keynésianisme" actuel néglige le rôle des agrégats monétaires dans la détermination de l'équilibre économique. On peut se poser des questions sur cette vision tant il est difficile d'admettre que la monnaie serait une variable "passive" du système économique. En introduisant les balances réelles dans une fonction d'utilité non-séparable, cet article incorpore explicitement le rôle de la monnaie dans un modèle du type DSGE. Cette spécification débouche sur des équations d'inflation et d'output gap dans lesquelles les encaisses monétaires jouent un rôle significatif. Le modèle DSGE est calibré par la General Method of Moments (GMM) appliqué aux données de la zone Euro. Les résultats et l'analyse démontrent que dans la mesure où la croissance monétaire joue un rôle significatif, la BCE devrait réagir plus vigoureusement aux chocs économiques qu'elle ne le fait généralement."
            "en" => "In the current New Keynesian literature, the role of monetary aggregates is generally neglected. Yet it's hard to imagine money completely "passive" to the rest of the system. By entering real money balances in a non-separable utility function, we introduce an explicit role for money via preference redefinition in a simple New Keynesian Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model. It involves new inflation and output gap specifications where money plays a significant role. We use the General Method of Moments (GMM) to calibrate our DSGE model of the Euro area and we show that the European Central Bank -ECB) should react more strongly to economic shocks as far as the role of money is found significant."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      92 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2351
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8278"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8278"
          "slug" => "money-in-the-inflation-equation-the-euro-area-evidence"
          "yearMonth" => "2008-05"
          "year" => "2008"
          "title" => "Money in the Inflation Equation: The Euro Area Evidence"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (2008). <i>Money in the Inflation Equation: The Euro Area Evidence</i>. ESSEC Business School."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:4 [
            0 => "BCE"
            1 => "Inflation"
            2 => "Monnaie"
            3 => "Politique monétaire"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 21:00:33"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Documents de travail"
            "en" => "Working Papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "L'étude montre que dans la Zone Euro une croissance de l'agrégat monétaire M3 avoisinant les 10% sur une longue période est responsable d'une inflation de 2.5%. L'output gap peut influencer l'inflation dans le court-terme.L'étude montre que dans la Zone Euro une croissance de l'agrégat monétaire M3 avoisinant les 10% sur une longue période est responsable d'une inflation de 2.5%. L'output gap peut influencer l'inflation dans le court-terme."
            "en" => "The ECB is the only major central bank that still emphasizes the role of money in monetary policy management. In this paper, we bring some support to this approach. Taking into account Euro area data from the period between 1999 and 2007, we demonstrate that a steady 10 per cent increase in M3 may result in an inflation rate of approximately 2½ percentage points. A negative output gap would have a short term offsetting effect, and vice versa."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      93 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2352
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8417"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8417"
          "slug" => "structural-unemployment-in-eastern-european-reforming-countries"
          "yearMonth" => "1994-08"
          "year" => "1994"
          "title" => "Structural Unemployment in Eastern European Reforming Countries"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (1994). <i>Structural Unemployment in Eastern European Reforming Countries</i>. ESSEC Business School."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 21:00:33"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Documents de travail"
            "en" => "Working Papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "L'article développe un modèle théorique du chômage structurel dans les économies en transition. Le modèle comporte deux secteurs (le "secteur d'Etat" et le "secteur privé") avec des comportements d'emploi différents. Chaque secteur est analysé en équilibre partiel puis en équilibre général pour tenir compte de leurs interactions. Deux types d'analyse sont effectuées : statistique et dynamique."
            "en" => "This article develops a theoretical model of structural unemployment in transitional economies. The model includes two sectors (the "State sector" and the "private sector") with different approaches as to their employment behavior. The analysis is conducted first in a partial equilibrium then in a general equilibrium framework. Static and dynamic analyses are also presented."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      94 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2353
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8475"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8475"
          "slug" => "the-role-of-money-and-monetary-policy-in-crisis-periods-the-euro-area-case"
          "yearMonth" => "2012-02"
          "year" => "2012"
          "title" => "The Role of Money and Monetary Policy in Crisis Periods: The Euro Area Case"
          "description" => "BENCHIMOL, J. et FOURÇANS, A. (2012). <i>The Role of Money and Monetary Policy in Crisis Periods: The Euro Area Case</i>. ESSEC Business School."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "BENCHIMOL J."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 13:18:43"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Documents de travail"
            "en" => "Working Papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "In this paper, we test two models of the Eurozone, with a special emphasis on the role of money and monetary policy during crises. The role of separability between money and consumption is investigated further and we analyse the Euro area economy during three different crises: 1992, 2001 and 2007. We find that money has a rather significant role to play in explaining output variations during crises whereas, at the same time, the role of monetary policy on output decreases significantly. Moreover, we find that a model with non-separability between consumption and money has better forecasting performance than a baseline separable model over crisis periods."
            "en" => "In this paper, we test two models of the Eurozone, with a special emphasis on the role of money and monetary policy during crises. The role of separability between money and consumption is investigated further and we analyse the Euro area economy during three different crises: 1992, 2001 and 2007. We find that money has a rather significant role to play in explaining output variations during crises whereas, at the same time, the role of monetary policy on output decreases significantly. Moreover, we find that a model with non-separability between consumption and money has better forecasting performance than a baseline separable model over crisis periods."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      95 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2354
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8666"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8666"
          "slug" => "20-ans-de-lue-leurope-na-pas-entraine-une-baisse-de-la-fiscalite"
          "yearMonth" => "2013-11"
          "year" => "2013"
          "title" => "20 ans de l'UE : "L'Europe n'a pas entraîné une baisse de la fiscalité""
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2013). 20 ans de l'UE : "L'Europe n'a pas entraîné une baisse de la fiscalité". <i>L'Express</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Concurrence fiscale"
            1 => "Europe"
            2 => "Fiscalité"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Un développement à propos d’un modèle de théorie des jeux sur la question de la concurrence fiscale en Europe. Contrairement aux craintes de beaucoup, un mouvement vers le moins disant fiscal n’a pas eu lieu, au contraire pour ce qui concerne la France. Il conviendrait d’avoir un budget en bonne situation pour pouvoir bien gérer cette situation."
            "en" => "Some development around a model of fiscal competition in Europe. Contrary to what many people believed would happen, a “race to the bottom” did not happen. The French case indicates the reverse behavior since taxes have increased. Yet the situation of public finances should be in a better situation to deal with this question."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      96 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2355
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8703"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8703"
          "slug" => "banque-centrale-europeenne-les-politiques-se-trompent-de-combat"
          "yearMonth" => "2006-12"
          "year" => "2006"
          "title" => "Banque centrale européenne : les politiques se trompent de combat"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et BARON, T. (2006). Banque centrale européenne : les politiques se trompent de combat. <i>Les Echos</i>, pp. 5."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "BARON T."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "BCE"
            1 => "Europe"
            2 => "Politique monétaire"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "5"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "La BCE doit être indépendante des pouvoirs politiques pour des raisons institutionnelles et surtout écon omiques. Sa mission est d'assurer la stabilité des prix, et ce faisant, elle réduit le chômage à son niveau structurel qui ne dépend plus d'elle. Changer sa stratégie serait irréaliste voire démagogique."
            "en" => "The ECB must be independent from the political system, for institutional and especially economic reasons. its role is to maintain price stability, and in so doing it reduces the unemployment rate to its structural level, which does not depend on monetary policy."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      97 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2356
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8714"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8714"
          "slug" => "bush-et-leffet-de-serre-une-etape-interessante"
          "yearMonth" => "2002-02"
          "year" => "2002"
          "title" => "Bush et l'effet de serre : une étape intéressante"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2002). Bush et l'effet de serre : une étape intéressante. <i>Les Echos</i>, pp. 4."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "4"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une analyse des propositions de G. Bush pour lutter contre l'effet de serre. Un plan fondé sur les incertitudes spécifiques, le coût économique et l'absence des pays en développement. Reposant sur les incertitudes plutôt que la contrainte. Satisfaisantsen tant que première étape."
            "en" => "An analysis of president Bush's proposals to fight climate change. A proposal based on scientific uncertainties, economic costs and the problem of poor countries. Based also on incentives rather than constraints. An interesting proposal as a first step."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      98 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2357
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8721"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8721"
          "slug" => "cercle-vicieux-la-lutte-a-la-francaise-contre-le-chomage-cree-t-elle-encore-plus-de-chomage"
          "yearMonth" => "2013-03"
          "year" => "2013"
          "title" => "Cercle vicieux : La lutte à la française contre le chômage crée-t-elle encore plus de chômage ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2013). Cercle vicieux : La lutte à la française contre le chômage crée-t-elle encore plus de chômage ? <i>Atlantico</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Chômage"
            1 => "Effets pervers"
            2 => "Mesures structurelles"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article examine l’impact possible des mesures structurelles contre le chômage. Il fait ressortir certains effets pervers de ces mesures dans le cas français. Il ouvre enfin quelques pistes de réforme."
            "en" => "This article discusses the possible impact of structural policies to fight unemployment. Its shows the unintended consequences of some of these policies. Finally, it presents some proposal for reform."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      99 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2358
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8728"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8728"
          "slug" => "chiffres-calamiteux-dans-le-batiment-le-symptome-dune-economie-francaise-qui-plonge"
          "yearMonth" => "2013-04"
          "year" => "2013"
          "title" => "Chiffres calamiteux dans le bâtiment : le symptôme d’une économie française qui plonge"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2013). Chiffres calamiteux dans le bâtiment : le symptôme d’une économie française qui plonge. <i>Atlantico</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Bâtiment"
            1 => "Micro vs macro"
            2 => "Situation économique"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article discute l’idée selon laquelle « quand le bâtiment va tout va ». Il fait ressortir l’erreur méthodologique considérant que la situation économique générale peut être évaluée à partir de celle d’un secteur donné. Si à court terme il y a des liens entre la micro et la macro situation, il faut examiner l’ensemble de l’économie pour juger au fond et sur la durée. La situation de l’économie française n’est pas bonne à cause du bâtiment, même si cette dernière reflète le malaise général."
            "en" => "This articles discusses the saying « What’s good for GM is good for the country ». It criticizes the view that the general economic condition can be analyzed by focusing on only one sector. If there is of course a relationship between the micro and  macro condition, it is at the macro level that the general economic condition must be analyzed to obtain a deep and lasting diagnosis. The French economy is not in a bad shape because of what’s going on in the housing sector, even if this sector reflects the general weakness of the economy."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      100 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2359
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8729"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8729"
          "slug" => "chomage-la-france-proche-de-son-record-mais-la-situation-est-elle-la-meme-quen-1997"
          "yearMonth" => "2013-03"
          "year" => "2013"
          "title" => "Chômage : la France proche de son record mais la situation est-elle la même qu’en 1997 ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2013). Chômage : la France proche de son record mais la situation est-elle la même qu’en 1997 ? <i>Atlantico</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Chômage"
            1 => "Chômage des jeunes"
            2 => "Smic"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article compare le chômage en 1997 et 2013. Il évalue les similitudes et les différences de situation entre les deux périodes pour expliquer les causes du même taux de chômage, notamment celui des jeunes."
            "en" => "This article compares the unemployment situation in 1997 and in 2013. It analyses the similarities and the differences in the economic situation between the two periods so as to explain the same unemployment rate, especially youth unemployment in France."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      101 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2360
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8859"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8859"
          "slug" => "hausse-de-la-csg-une-faute"
          "yearMonth" => "1997-09"
          "year" => "1997"
          "title" => "Hausse de la CSG : une faute"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1997). Hausse de la CSG : une faute. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse dans quelle mesure la hausse de la CSG est en accord avec la théorie de la fiscalité optimale. Il montre que tel n'est pas le cas tant que le système d'IRPP n'est pas lui-même réformé. Il discute aussi l'impact de la réforme sur l'épargne, la croissance et l'emploi."
            "en" => "The article analyses to what extent the CSG tax is in line with optimal fiscal theory. It shows that it will not be so as long as the whole income tax system is not reformed. It also discusses the impact of the reform on savings, growth and unemployment."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      102 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2361
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8870"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8870"
          "slug" => "il-ne-faut-pas-deduire-que-tout-mouvement-de-capitaux-est-suspect"
          "yearMonth" => "2001-11"
          "year" => "2001"
          "title" => "Il ne faut pas déduire que tout mouvement de capitaux est suspect"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2001). Il ne faut pas déduire que tout mouvement de capitaux est suspect. <i>AGEFI(L')</i>, pp. 4."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "4"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Le rôle des ONG dans le débat sur la mondialisation et la libération commerciale. Ce qu'il ne faut pas faire pour aider les pays pauvres. Le rôle des mouvements de capitaux."
            "en" => "The role of NGOs in the globalization and free trade debate. What should not be done to help underdeveloped countries. The role of capital movements."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      103 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2362
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8897"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8897"
          "slug" => "lage-de-la-deflation-les-economies-mondialisees-sont-elles-condamnees-a-la-spirale-depressive"
          "yearMonth" => "2013-03"
          "year" => "2013"
          "title" => "L’âge de la déflation : les économies mondialisées, sont-elles condamnées à la spirale dépressive ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2013). L’âge de la déflation : les économies mondialisées, sont-elles condamnées à la spirale dépressive ? <i>Atlantico</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Banques"
            1 => "Déflation"
            2 => "Inflation"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article examine si les risques de déflation existent dans le monde. Il fait ressortir les déterminants de la hausse des prix. Il analyse pourquoi les banques ont des comportements non inflationnistes en dépit des énormes liquidités qu’elles obtiennent des banques centrales depuis la crise. Il conclue sur les faibles risques de déflation."
            "en" => "Cet article examine si les risques de déflation existent dans le monde. Il fait ressortir les déterminants de la hausse des prix. Il analyse pourquoi les banques ont des comportements non inflationnistes en dépit des énormes liquidités qu’elles obtiennent des banques centrales depuis la crise. Il conclue sur les faibles risques de déflation."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      104 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2363
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8908"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8908"
          "slug" => "la-cour-de-karlsruhe-est-elle-devenue-le-pire-ennemi-de-leuro"
          "yearMonth" => "2013-06"
          "year" => "2013"
          "title" => "La cour de Karlsruhe est-elle devenue le pire ennemi de l'euro ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2013). La cour de Karlsruhe est-elle devenue le pire ennemi de l'euro ? <i>Atlantico</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "BCE"
            1 => "Politique monétaire "
            2 => "Programme OMT"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Discussion sur la requête allemande pour juger de la légalité du rachat de titres d’Etat par la BCE. Pourquoi les Allemands redoutent ce genre de mesure, notamment le risque d’inflation. Quelles seraient les conséquences si la BCE avait interdiction de ces opérations. Une problématique qui a au cœur d’une question de politique monétaire."
            "en" => "The article discusses the German judicial rule regarding the legality of the ECB’s buying of government bonds, and why German people have a tendency to be wary of this type of measure, especially in terms of inflation. What would be the consequences if the ECB had to stop this policy? This is the real question about the conduct of monetary policy."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      105 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2364
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8960"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8960"
          "slug" => "la-vraie-coupable"
          "yearMonth" => "2009-02"
          "year" => "2009"
          "title" => "La vraie coupable"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2009). La vraie coupable. <i>Le Nouvel Economiste</i>, pp. 38."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Banques"
            1 => "Crise"
            2 => "Politique monétaire"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 10:01:04"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "38"
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => "1463"
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une explication de la crise actuelle en faisant ressortir le rôle central de la politique monétaire aux Etats-Unis et en Europe. Une critique des politiques conduites. Des propositions de mesures pour l'avenir."
            "en" => "An explanation of the economic crisis focused on monetary policy as conducted in the US and in the euro zone. A critical analysis of policy and some propositions for the future."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      106 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2365
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8979"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8979"
          "slug" => "le-ciel-sur-la-tete"
          "yearMonth" => "2002-10"
          "year" => "2002"
          "title" => "Le ciel sur la tête ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2002). Le ciel sur la tête ? <i>Sud Ouest</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse les positions "castastrophiques" communément admises en matière d'environnement. Il montre que la plupart sont fortement exagérées et ne correspondent pas à la réalité. Il s'interroge sur le pourquoi de cette dissonance."
            "en" => "This article analysis the "catastrophic" positions that are generally taken about environmental problems. It shows that these positions are not in line with the facts. It tries to explain why there is such a discrepancy."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      107 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2366
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8982"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8982"
          "slug" => "le-conseil-europeen-se-penche-sur-le-chomage-des-jeunes-mais-de-quels-moyens-daction-leurope-dispose-t-elle-vraiment"
          "yearMonth" => "2013-06"
          "year" => "2013"
          "title" => "Le Conseil européen se penche sur le chômage des jeunes mais de quels moyens d'action l'Europe dispose-t-elle vraiment ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2013). Le Conseil européen se penche sur le chômage des jeunes mais de quels moyens d'action l'Europe dispose-t-elle vraiment ? <i>Atlantico</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Chômage"
            1 => "Jeunes"
            2 => "Union Européenne"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article examine les mesures proposées au plan européen pour lutter contre le chômage des jeunes. Celui-ci doit pourtant, d’abord, être traité au niveau national. C’est là que se trouvent les principaux leviers d’action, même si les mesures européennes peuvent aider."
            "en" => "This article analyses the policy proposed at the European level to deal with the unemployment of young people. Yet this unemployment situation must be treated at the national level first. Only country policies can alleviate significantly the problem, even if European measures can be helpful."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      108 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2367
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9090"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9090"
          "slug" => "les-etats-face-a-la-mondialisation"
          "yearMonth" => "2001-05"
          "year" => "2001"
          "title" => "Les Etats face à la mondialisation"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2001). Les Etats face à la mondialisation. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une classification des positions sur la mondialisation entre Etats  "protectionnistes", "conservateurs" et "libéraux". A partir de là, une analyse de l'évolution possible du rôle des institutions internationales, des coopérations entre Etats et des "souverainetés partagées". Sans oublier les ONG."
            "en" => "A classification of the positions towards globalization between "protectionist", "conservative" and "liberal states". Then an analysis of how the role of international institutions, cooperations between nation-states and NGO may evolve."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      109 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2368
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9126"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9126"
          "slug" => "leuroland-est-il-arme-contre-les-chocs-asymetriques"
          "yearMonth" => "1999-03"
          "year" => "1999"
          "title" => "L'Euroland est-il armé contre les chocs asymétriques ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1999). L'Euroland est-il armé contre les chocs asymétriques ? <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 10:17:17"
          "publicationUrl" => "https://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/1999/03/30/l-euroland-est-il-arme-contre-les-chocs-asymetriques_3560509_1819218.html"
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse d'abord le risque de chocs asymétriques dans la zone euro, puis les moyens de faire face à ces chocs. Il met en perspective le rôle de l'Etat et du marché en cette matière."
            "en" => "This article first analyses the likelihood of asymetric shocks in the euro zone, second, how to deal with them. It gives some perspectives as to the respective roles of the State and the market."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      110 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2369
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9166"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9166"
          "slug" => "minima-sociaux-et-emploi"
          "yearMonth" => "1998-01"
          "year" => "1998"
          "title" => "Minima sociaux et emploi"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1998). Minima sociaux et emploi. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Faut-il augmenter les minima sociaux ? Comment le faire ? Quelles réformes d'accompagnement entreprendre ? La réponse à ces questions implique de mettre en place une réforme de l'Etat et des mesures pour améliorer la création d'emplois."
            "en" => "Should the minimum social benefits be increased? How to do it? What reforms should be accomplished to implement that? Answering these questions implies a State reform and measures to accelerate job creations."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      111 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2370
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9206"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9206"
          "slug" => "peut-on-reguler-la-mondialisation"
          "yearMonth" => "2001-05"
          "year" => "2001"
          "title" => "Peut-on réguler la mondialisation ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2001). Peut-on réguler la mondialisation ? <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une analyse des avantages et inconvénients de la mondialisation. A partir de là, on étudie la question de la "régulation" de la mondialisation en matière économique, sociale ou environnementale, et le rôle des multinationales. Autre exemple établi : celui du travail des enfants et des mesures pour y faire face."
            "en" => "An analysis of pros and cons of globalization. From this point, the possibilities of regulating the globalization in its economic, social and environmental aspects and the role of multinational companies are studied. Another question is analyzed: the work of children and the ways to deal with that problem."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      112 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2371
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9227"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9227"
          "slug" => "pourquoi-lendettement-est-un-luxe-que-tous-les-pays-ne-peuvent-pas-se-permettre"
          "yearMonth" => "2013-05"
          "year" => "2013"
          "title" => "Pourquoi l'endettement est un luxe que tous les pays ne peuvent pas se permettre"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2013). Pourquoi l'endettement est un luxe que tous les pays ne peuvent pas se permettre. <i>Atlantico</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Austérité"
            1 => "Déficits"
            2 => "Dette publique"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse le débat actuel à propos de l’austérité et de l’endettement public. Il explique pourquoi l’endettement peut freiner la production et l’emploi, et qu’il serait une erreur de ne pas chercher à le freiner, puis le diminuer. Il propose un plan concret pour diminuer les dépenses publiques et les déficits et prendre des mesures structurelles."
            "en" => "The article analyses the debate about public debt and austerity measures. It explains how too high a level of debt may impact negatively growth and employment. It would be a mistake not to seek to decrease the level of debt, and the budget deficit. The author proposes a strategy to decrease government expenditures and deficits in a reasonable way, as well as some structural measures to be associated."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      113 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2372
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9236"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9236"
          "slug" => "qe-pourquoi-les-premiers-effets-positifs-des-mesures-prises-par-la-bce-se-transforment-en-effets-pervers-sans-reformes-structurelles"
          "yearMonth" => "2015-02"
          "year" => "2015"
          "title" => "QE : pourquoi les premiers effets positifs des mesures prises par la BCE se transforment en effets pervers sans réformes structurelles"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2015). QE : pourquoi les premiers effets positifs des mesures prises par la BCE se transforment en effets pervers sans réformes structurelles. <i>Atlantico</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "BCE"
            1 => "Quantitative easing"
            2 => "Réformes structurelles"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Un examen de la nouvelle politique dite de Quantitative Easing mise en place par la BCE. L’article explique pourquoi le QE a peu de chance d’être efficace. Il faudrait pour cela que des réformes structurelles soient accomplies. Et que les banques aient résolues leurs propres problèmes."
            "en" => "The articles discusses the « new » monetary policy of Quantitative Easing that the ECB wants to implement. It explains why the chance that the QE be efficient are low. Significant results will be hard to reach aslong as some structural reforms are not accomplished. And as long as the banking system will not have solved its own structural problems."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      114 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2373
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9242"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9242"
          "slug" => "que-peut-vraiment-leurope-contre-le-chomage-des-jeunes"
          "yearMonth" => "2013-05"
          "year" => "2013"
          "title" => "Que peut vraiment l'Europe contre le chômage des jeunes ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2013). Que peut vraiment l'Europe contre le chômage des jeunes ? <i>Atlantico</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Chômage des jeunes"
            1 => "Europe"
            2 => "Réformes"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une analyse de l’impact respectif des mesures pour l’emploi des jeunes au plan européen et national, notamment en France. Le problème doit d’abord être spécifiquement traité au niveau national. Le niveau européen influence les conditions économiques générales alors que les mesures pour les jeunes doivent être ciblées sur cette catégorie sociale. Des mesures à ces deux niveaux sont proposées."
            "en" => "An analysis of the respective impact of measures against youth unemployment taken at the European and national levels (specifically, France). The problem must be essentially tackled at the national level. European measures have an impact on the general economic conditions whereas the specific problem requires specific measures for young people. Different propositions of reform are made."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      115 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2374
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9299"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9299"
          "slug" => "temps-partiel-un-moyen-de-lutter-contre-le-chomage"
          "yearMonth" => "1997-03"
          "year" => "1997"
          "title" => "Temps partiel : un moyen de lutter contre le chômage"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1997). Temps partiel : un moyen de lutter contre le chômage. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Analyse du travail à temps partiel en France et en Europe. La situation respective et les conditions économiques relatives à ce type de travail. Un diagnostic et des propositions quant à la situation française en la matière."
            "en" => "An analysis of part-time work in France and in Europe. The respective economic conditions about this type of labor. An evaluation and a few proposals about the French situation on this matter."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      116 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2375
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9336"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9336"
          "slug" => "union-europeenne-une-politique-de-croissance"
          "yearMonth" => "1999-03"
          "year" => "1999"
          "title" => "Union Européenne : une politique de croissance"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1999). Union Européenne : une politique de croissance. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une analyse du débat de politique économique au plan européen entre deux thèses principales. Faut-il élargir les déficits ou les réduire ? Faut-il baisser les taux d'intérêt ou non ? Quel est le rôle des réformes structurelles ?"
            "en" => "An analysis of the debate on economic policy in Europe. Two main thesis are confronted. Should budget deficits be widened or reduced? Should interest rates be reduced or not? What role for structural reforms?"
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      117 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2376
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9337"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9337"
          "slug" => "us-dont-go-home"
          "yearMonth" => "2001-06"
          "year" => "2001"
          "title" => "US Don't Go Home"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2001). US Don't Go Home. <i>Libération</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une analyse des conditions institutionnelles de la stabilité économique mondiale. Le rôle des Etats-Unis n'est-il pas fondamental dans cette perspective tant que des institutions internationales mieux définies ne sont pas mises en place ? Va-t-on vers un modèle économique et social unique ?"
            "en" => "An analysis of institutional conditions for world social and economic stability. Is not the role of the US of paramount importance on that respect? What is the role of international institutions? Can we expect a single economic and social model?"
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      118 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2377
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9338"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9338"
          "slug" => "us-policymakers-could-learn-from-ecb"
          "yearMonth" => "2008-04"
          "year" => "2008"
          "title" => "US Policymakers Could Learn from ECB"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (2008). US Policymakers Could Learn from ECB. <i>Financial Times</i>, pp. 10."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:4 [
            0 => "BCE"
            1 => "FED"
            2 => "M3"
            3 => "Monnaie"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "10"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "La Fed pourrait reprendre la publication de M3, suspendue depuis 2006. Cet indicateur contient une information utile quant au bon fonctionnement du système financier."
            "en" => "The Fed could reconsider its 2006 decision to discontinue publication of M3. This indicator contains useful information about the stability of the financial system."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      119 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2378
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9346"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9346"
          "slug" => "vers-un-partage-des-souverainetes"
          "yearMonth" => "2001-05"
          "year" => "2001"
          "title" => "Vers un partage des souverainetés"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2001). Vers un partage des souverainetés. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "On analyse en quoi la mondialisation va conduire à un nouveau partage des souverainetés et au développement d'institutions qui transcendent les pouvoirs nationaux. On montre combien il est difficile de penser le monde moderne uniquement à travers le prisme de la concurrence entre Etats-nations souverains et indépendants."
            "en" => "Analysis of how globalization will lead to a new sharing of sovereignties and to the development of international institutions. It shows how difficult it is, nowadays, to think the modern world only in terms of competition between nation-states."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      120 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2379
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "12194"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "12194"
          "slug" => "friedman-et-le-monetarisme-entendez-vous-leconomie-radio-france-culture"
          "yearMonth" => "2021-01"
          "year" => "2021"
          "title" => "« Friedman et le monétarisme », Entendez-vous l’économie, Radio France Culture"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. 2021. <i>« Friedman et le monétarisme », Entendez-vous l’économie, Radio France Culture</i>. Janvier."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2022-10-19 15:16:30"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Interviews : Emission radio - TV - presse écrite"
            "en" => "Interviews: radio - TV - press"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      121 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2380
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6713"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6713"
          "slug" => "money-housing-and-the-economy-during-crises-a-nonlinear-dsge-approach"
          "yearMonth" => "2016-05"
          "year" => "2016"
          "title" => "Money, Housing and the Economy during Crises: a Nonlinear DSGE Approach"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A., BENCHIMOL, J. et IVASHCHENKO, S. (2016). Money, Housing and the Economy during Crises: a Nonlinear DSGE Approach. Dans: 26th International Conference of the\t International Trade and Finance Association."
          "authors" => array:3 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "BENCHIMOL J."
            ]
            2 => array:1 [
              "name" => "IVASHCHENKO S."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "26th International Conference of the\t International Trade and Finance Association"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      122 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2381
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "7215"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "7215"
          "slug" => "structural-unemployment-in-eastern-european-reforming-countries-a-theoretical-framework"
          "yearMonth" => "1994-09"
          "year" => "1994"
          "title" => "Structural Unemployment in Eastern European Reforming Countries: A Theoretical Framework"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (1994). Structural Unemployment in Eastern European Reforming Countries: A Theoretical Framework. Dans: European Association of Comparative Economic Studies, 8-10 September. Budapest."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "European Association of Comparative Economic Studies, 8-10 September"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 13:37:43"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Un modèle de la détermination du chômage dans les pays de l'Europe centrale et orientale. Deux secteurs en interaction, l'un fondé sur les négociations collectives, l'autre sur la concurrence, servent de fondement à l'analyse du problème."
            "en" => "A theoretical model to assess unemployment in Eastern European countries. The two-sector model (one based on collective bargaining, the other on competition) establishes the conditions to analyse unemployment."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      123 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2382
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "13819"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "13819"
          "slug" => "les-reserves-excedentaires-et-le-systeme-bancaire-francais"
          "yearMonth" => "1974-11"
          "year" => "1974"
          "title" => "Les réserves excédentaires et le système bancaire français"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1974). Les réserves excédentaires et le système bancaire français. <i>Revue Banque</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 09:10:14"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      124 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2383
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "7422"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "7422"
          "slug" => "the-role-of-money-and-monetary-policy-in-crises-periods-the-euro-zone-case"
          "yearMonth" => "2012-05"
          "year" => "2012"
          "title" => "The Role of Money and Monetary Policy in Crises Periods: The Euro Zone Case"
          "description" => "BENCHIMOL, J. et FOURÇANS, A. (2012). The Role of Money and Monetary Policy in Crises Periods: The Euro Zone Case. Dans: International Trade and Finance Association's 22nd International Conference."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "BENCHIMOL J."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "International Trade and Finance Association's 22nd International Conference"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:12"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "In this paper, we test two models of the Eurozone, with a special emphasis on the role of money and monetary policy during crises. The role of separability between money and consumption is investigated further and we analyse the Euro area economy during three different crises: 1992, 2001 and 2007. We find that money has a rather significant role to play in explaining output variations during crises whereas, at the same time, the role of monetary policy on output decreases significantly. Moreover, we find that a model with non-separability between consumption and money has better forecasting performance than a baseline separable model over crisis periods."
            "en" => "In this paper, we test two models of the Eurozone, with a special emphasis on the role of money and monetary policy during crises. The role of separability between money and consumption is investigated further and we analyse the Euro area economy during three different crises: 1992, 2001 and 2007. We find that money has a rather significant role to play in explaining output variations during crises whereas, at the same time, the role of monetary policy on output decreases significantly. Moreover, we find that a model with non-separability between consumption and money has better forecasting performance than a baseline separable model over crisis periods."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      125 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2384
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "4033"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "4033"
          "slug" => "monnaie-unique-et-fiscalite-de-lepargne-quelle-europe-financiere"
          "yearMonth" => "1998-09"
          "year" => "1998"
          "title" => "Monnaie unique et fiscalité de l'épargne : quelle Europe financière ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VON WOGAU, K. (1998). Monnaie unique et fiscalité de l'épargne : quelle Europe financière ? Dans: <i>Monnaie unique et fiscalité de l'épargne : quelle Europe financière ?</i> 1st ed. Agora Europe."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "VON WOGAU K."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Monnaie unique et fiscalité de l'épargne : quelle Europe financière ?"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Chapitres"
            "en" => "Book chapters"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet ouvrage analyse en quoi la mise en place de l'euro va modifier le paysage financier et bancaire européen. L'accélération de la concurrence qui va en résulter ne va pas manquer d'influer sur l'impact de la fiscalité de l'épargne, et donc des mouvements de capitaux, de l'offre de fonds et de la demande d'épargne. Quelles en seront les conséquences pour les marchés, les institutions, les entreprises et les épargnants ?"
            "en" => "This book analyses to what extent the euro will change the european financial and banking structures. The competitive increase that will follow will influence the impact of taxation on savings on the movements of capital, the supply of funds and the demand for savings. What will be the consequences on markets, institutions, firms and savers?"
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      126 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2385
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "4049"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "4049"
          "slug" => "one-currency-for-europe"
          "yearMonth" => "1993-01"
          "year" => "1993"
          "title" => "One Currency for Europe"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1993). One Currency for Europe. Dans: Dilip Das (ed.). <i>International Finance: Contemporary Issues</i>. 1st ed. London & New York: Routledge, pp. 243-254."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "International Finance: Contemporary Issues"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 09:34:01"
          "publicationUrl" => "https://www.routledge.com/International-Finance-Contemporary-Issues/Das/p/book/9780415092814"
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "243-254"
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => "12"
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Chapitres"
            "en" => "Book chapters"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Les fondements théoriques de l'union économique et monétaire. Leur application pratique pour préparer la monnaie européenne."
            "en" => "Theoretical foundations of European economic and monetary union. Practical implementation of these theoretical foundations in order to obtain a single currency."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      127 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2386
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "4091"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "4091"
          "slug" => "preface"
          "yearMonth" => "2010-02"
          "year" => "2010"
          "title" => "Préface"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2010). Préface. Dans: <i>Capitalisme et liberté (Friedman M.)</i>. 1st ed. Leduc, pp. 11-23."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Capitalisme et liberté (Friedman M.)"
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Economie et poltiique"
            1 => "Economie politique"
            2 => "Political Economy"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "11-23"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Chapitres"
            "en" => "Book chapters"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une mise en contexte du travail de Milton Friedman, en faisant ressortir l'intérêt non seulement historique mais actuel du contenu du livre. Une évaluation économique des idées et mesures proposées."
            "en" => "A contextual analysis of Friedman's work. A perspective about the historical interest of the book, but also of the current interest to understand today's problems."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      128 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2387
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "4172"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "4172"
          "slug" => "specificites-de-la-negociation-pour-un-depute-europeen"
          "yearMonth" => "2008-03"
          "year" => "2008"
          "title" => "Spécificités de la négociation pour un député européen"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2008). Spécificités de la négociation pour un député européen. Dans: <i>Négociations Européennes. De Henri IV à l'Europe des 27</i>. 1st ed. A2C."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Négociations Européennes. De Henri IV à l'Europe des 27"
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Europe"
            1 => "Négociation"
            2 => "Parlement Européen"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Chapitres"
            "en" => "Book chapters"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une analyse systématique du processus de négociation dans le cadre du Parlement Européen, vue par un député-économiste..."
            "en" => "A systemic analysis of the negotiation process at the European Parliament, as seen through the experience of a Member of Parliament who is also an economist..."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      129 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2388
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "4330"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "4330"
          "slug" => "a-model-of-structural-and-cyclical-employment-in-transitional-economies"
          "yearMonth" => "1995-02"
          "year" => "1995"
          "title" => "A Model of Structural and Cyclical Employment in Transitional Economies"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (1995). A Model of Structural and Cyclical Employment in Transitional Economies. Dans: <i>Midsouth Academy of Economics and Finance, Papers and Proceedings</i>. University of Southern Mississippi, pp. 165-173."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Midsouth Academy of Economics and Finance, Papers and Proceedings"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "165-173"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Actes d'une conférence"
            "en" => "Conference Proceedings"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Le modèle étudie l'impact de l'inflation sur le secteur réel d'une économie en transition. Il est montré qu'au début de la transition, avec des agents formulant des anticipations adaptatives, le gouvernement peut utiliser l'inflation pour stimuler l'emploi. Il est prouvé que la privatisation et la stabilisation macroéconomique sont des réformes mutuellement compatibles."
            "en" => "The model studies the role played by inflation in the early period of the transition in Eastern Europe. With sluggish expectations, inflation might have been used as an employment enhancing device. It is shown that macroeconomic stabilisation and privatization policies are mutually consistent objectives."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      130 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2389
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "4338"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "4338"
          "slug" => "a-simulation-of-the-impact-of-labor-market-regulations-in-central-and-eastern-europe"
          "yearMonth" => "1996-02"
          "year" => "1996"
          "title" => "A Simulation of the Impact of Labor Market Regulations in Central and Eastern Europe"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (1996). A Simulation of the Impact of Labor Market Regulations in Central and Eastern Europe. Dans: <i>Papers and Proceedings</i>. Academy of Economics and Finance (AEF), pp. 185-194."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Papers and Proceedings"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "185-194"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Actes d'une conférence"
            "en" => "Conference Proceedings"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Le modèle prend en compte les caractéristiques institutionnelles du marché du travail dans les économies en transition. L'économie est constituée d'un secteur d'Etat et d'un secteur privé. La décision d'emploi du premier secteur fait apparaître le rôle prioritaire du collectif de travailleurs dans un processus de négociation salariale. Le second secteur est supposé concurrentiel. Une simulation permet d'étudier l'impact des divers changements institutionnels sur la dispersion des revenus."
            "en" => "The model we have built takes into consideration the particular features of labor markets in transitional economies. It considers the differences between a state sector and a private sector where employment decisions are made differently. In the former sector employment and wages are the outcome of a bargaining process between owners and workers, whereas in the latter sector competitive cum minimum wage laws set a limit on employment. A simulation allows us to evaluate the impact of various labor market institutions (minimum wages, unemployment benefits and workers' bargaining power), not only on economic efficiency but also on "equity"."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      131 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2390
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "4551"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "4551"
          "slug" => "efficiency-and-equity-in-transitional-economies-a-labor-market-analysis"
          "yearMonth" => "1996-05"
          "year" => "1996"
          "title" => "Efficiency and Equity in Transitional Economies: A Labor Market Analysis"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (1996). Efficiency and Equity in Transitional Economies: A Labor Market Analysis. Dans: <i>Competitiveness in International Business and Trade</i>. Tamiu Press, pp. 989-1003."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Competitiveness in International Business and Trade"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 12:37:18"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "989-1003"
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Actes d'une conférence"
            "en" => "Conference Proceedings"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Dans cette communication, nous utilisons une simulation numérique pour étudier l'impact du salaire minimum et de l'indemnité de chômage sur le marché du travail des économies en transition. Ces politiques sont évaluées en tenant compte de l'évolution de l'emploi total et de la distribution des revenus de trois catégories d'agents : chômeurs, employés dans le secteur des grandes entreprises et employés dans le secteur des petites entreprises privées."
            "en" => "This paper analyses the impact of labor market institutions on efficiency and equity in transitional economies. The analysis is based on a two-sector model of these economies. After proper calibration, the model is solved for the unemployment rate, the tax rate, the employment and wages in each sector. Small changes in the policy variables are then operated and the results are compared to the benchmark situation."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      132 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2391
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "4581"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "4581"
          "slug" => "euroland-versus-usa-a-theoretical-framework-for-monetary-strategies"
          "yearMonth" => "2000-05"
          "year" => "2000"
          "title" => "Euroland Versus USA: A Theoretical Framework for Monetary Strategies"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et WARIN, T. (2000). Euroland Versus USA: A Theoretical Framework for Monetary Strategies. Dans: <i>Globalization in the 21st Century</i>. International Trade and Finance Association (ITFA), pp. 249-261."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "WARIN T."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Globalization in the 21st Century"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "249-261"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Actes d'une conférence"
            "en" => "Conference Proceedings"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "L'objectif de cet article est d'étudier les stratégies monétaires possibles des Etats-Unis et de l'Europe, notamment en fonction du taux de change euro/dollar. On le fait à partir d'un modèle de jeux à horizons fini et infini. Dans le premier cas (horizon fini), l'optimum de Pareto n'est atteint que si les deux joueurs sont d'accord pour ne pas chercher à tromper leurs anticipations respectives. Dans le deuxième cas (horizon infini), l'intérêt des joueurs est d'envoyer un signal clair et fort à l'autre quant à sa stratégie propre. L'analyse débouche sur des propositions de stratégie optimale de la BCE par rapport à la Fed."
            "en" => "The aim of this article is to study the various possible strategies of both American and European monetary policy makers, especially with respect to the euro-dollar exchange rate. For that, we use a game theoretical approach, first with a finite horizon, second, with an infinite one. First, in the finite horizon case, an optimal Pareto solution can only be attained if both players mutually agree not to disrup each other's expectations on the exchange rate. Secondly, in the infinite horizon situation, it is in the interest of each player to address a clear and strong signal to the other about its own strategy. This result leads to some propositions as to the optimal of the European Central Bank with respect to the Federal reserve system."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      133 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2392
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "4614"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "4614"
          "slug" => "firm-restructuring-unemployment-and-sectoral-employment-in-transitional-economies"
          "yearMonth" => "1995-01"
          "year" => "1995"
          "title" => "Firm Restructuring, Unemployment and Sectoral Employment in Transitional Economies"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (1995). Firm Restructuring, Unemployment and Sectoral Employment in Transitional Economies. Dans: <i>International Business in the 21st Century</i>. Texas A&M International University Press, pp. 931-944."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "International Business in the 21st Century"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "931-944"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Actes d'une conférence"
            "en" => "Conference Proceedings"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "L'article propose une analyse théorique de l'impact de la restructuration de la gestion des entreprises sur l'emploi et le chômage dans les économies en transition. Le modèle distingue entre "secteur d'état" et deux sous-secteurs du "secteur privé". Des conclusions de politique économique en découlent."
            "en" => "A theoretical analysis of firm restructuring on employment and unemployment in transitional economies. The model is built via a "state sector" and two sub-sectors for the "private sector". Policy conclusions are drawn."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      134 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2393
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "4615"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "4615"
          "slug" => "firms-and-the-environment-in-the-global-economy-conceptual-background-and-policies"
          "yearMonth" => "2005-01"
          "year" => "2005"
          "title" => "Firms and the Environment in the Global Economy: Conceptual Background and Policies"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2005). Firms and the Environment in the Global Economy: Conceptual Background and Policies. Dans: <i>International Trade and Finance Association 15th International Conference</i>. Berkeley:  International Trade and Finance Association (ITFA)."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "International Trade and Finance Association 15th International Conference"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Actes d'une conférence"
            "en" => "Conference Proceedings"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Après avoir étudié la signification de la responsabilité sociale de l'entreprise, et le débat entre économistes et philosophes moraux à ce sujet, cet article montre en quoi leur perception respective du comportement humain est au coeur de ce débat. Il analyse les malentendus entre économistes et écologistes relatifs aux analyses coûts-bénéfices et relatifs au rôle du marché comparé à celui de l'Etat en ces matières. Les fondements débouchent sur une évaluation des principales politiques environnementales et de leur impact sur le comportement des entreprises."
            "en" => "After studying the meaning of the so-called social responsibility of the firm, and the on-going debate between economists and moral philosophers that follows, this article shows that their respective perception of man is at the heart of the dispute. The article analyses the misunderstandings occurring between economists and environmentalists with respect to cost-benefit analyses and, more generally, with respect to the role of the market and government in dealing with the subject matter. Based on this analysis it is possible to investigate and evaluate the main types of environmental policies, be they market-based or not, and their impact on firms'behaviour."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      135 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2394
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "4617"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "4617"
          "slug" => "fiscal-coordination-in-the-emu-a-theoretical-and-policy-perspective"
          "yearMonth" => "1998-05"
          "year" => "1998"
          "title" => "Fiscal Coordination in the EMU: A Theoretical and Policy Perspective"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (1998). Fiscal Coordination in the EMU: A Theoretical and Policy Perspective. Dans: <i>The Global Economy at the Turn of the Century</i>.  pp. 363-380."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "The Global Economy at the Turn of the Century"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "363-380"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Actes d'une conférence"
            "en" => "Conference Proceedings"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article étudie le problème de la coordination fiscale dans la future Union Monétaire Européenne. Des politiques fiscales non coordonnées pourraient conduire à des déficits budgétaires excessifs par rapport à une situation où un organisme supranational choisit de manière optimale les dépenses publiques. Un mécanisme type "Pacte de Stabilité" s'avère alors un outil efficace et pragmatique pour améliorer la gestion budgétaire."
            "en" => "This paper provides an analysis of the controversial issue of fiscal coordination in the future European Monetary Union, from both a theoretical and policy point of view. It is argued that fiscal coordination is efficient, in particular if governments care about deficits. Authentic coordination would be carried on by a federal government managing a centralized budget. Alternatively, a coordination-like outcome may be achieved by establishing correct deficit targets to sovereign governments. The pragmatic solution when the economic structure of the European Union is not well known consists in assessing upper and lower bounds for deficits. The model emphasizes the positive role of the Stability and Growth Pact."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      136 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2395
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "4618"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "4618"
          "slug" => "fiscal-policies-rules-in-a-monetary-union-incentives-and-moral-hazard"
          "yearMonth" => "2004-01"
          "year" => "2004"
          "title" => "Fiscal Policies Rules in a Monetary Union: Incentives and Moral Hazard"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et WARIN, T. (2004). Fiscal Policies Rules in a Monetary Union: Incentives and Moral Hazard. Dans: <i>Proceedings of the IT&FA 15th International Conference</i>. Berkeley Electronic Press."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "WARIN T."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Proceedings of the IT&FA 15th International Conference"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 13:06:39"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Actes d'une conférence"
            "en" => "Conference Proceedings"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Site internet. Cet article examine l'efficacité de règles fiscales telles que celles du Pacte de Stabilité et de Croissance en Europe, et compare les différentes règles possibles. L'analyse précise où et comment les règles fiscales devraient être appliquées. Le modèle démontre que les règles ne sont pas obligatoirement utiles dans la mesure où les gouvernements ajustent leurs politiques en fonction de ces règles. Une règle composite est alors proposée pour satisfaire aux objectifs recherchés."
            "en" => "This paper addresses the question of the efficiency of a fiscal policy rule such as the Stability and Growth Pact of Europe, and compares the latter to alternative rules. The analysis sheds light on where and how fiscal rules should be applied. The model shows that rules may not be useful insofar as governements adjust their behavior to the new rules. A key composite fiscal rule is therefore the effective enforcement of the penalties associated."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      137 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2396
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "4619"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "4619"
          "slug" => "fiscal-policy-in-the-european-monetary-union-an-analytical-framework"
          "yearMonth" => "2002-06"
          "year" => "2002"
          "title" => "Fiscal Policy in the European Monetary Union: An Analytical Framework"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et WARIN, T. (2002). Fiscal Policy in the European Monetary Union: An Analytical Framework. Dans: <i>Proceedings of the International Trade and Finance Association-International Business at the Turn of the Century</i>. International Trade and Finance Association (ITFA), pp. 139-156."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "WARIN T."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Proceedings of the International Trade and Finance Association-International Business at the Turn of the Century"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "139-156"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Actes d'une conférence"
            "en" => "Conference Proceedings"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Un bon "policy-mix" est indispensable à la stabilisation économique. Le problème est encore plus complexe dans l'UEM. Comment traiter le risque de passager clandesting ? Comment coordonner les politiques budgétaires ? Cet article examine les conditions d'efficacité des règles de coordination, qu'elles soient strictes ou flexibles. Le premier cas est analysé via un jeu à information symétrique, le second via un jeu asymétrique. Des implications de politique économique en sont tirées."
            "en" => "A good policy-mix is a prerequisite for economic stabilization. The problem is even more complex in the EMU. How to deal with free-riding behavior? How to coordinate fiscal policy? This paper analyses the efficiency conditionis of coordination rules, from strict to flexible rules. The first case is modeled within a symmetric information game, the second one within an asymmetric information situation. Policy implications are drawled."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      138 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2397
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11165"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11165"
          "slug" => "taux-de-prelevements-obligatoires-recettes-de-letat-et-production-une-etude-empirique-du-cas-francais"
          "yearMonth" => "1985-07"
          "year" => "1985"
          "title" => "Taux de prélèvements obligatoires, recettes de l'Etat et production : une étude empirique du cas français"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1985). Taux de prélèvements obligatoires, recettes de l'Etat et production : une étude empirique du cas français. <i>Revue d'économie politique</i>, 95(1), pp. 51-65."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:48"
          "publicationUrl" => "https://www.jstor.org/stable/24698265"
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "51-65"
            "volume" => "95"
            "number" => "1"
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      139 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2398
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11170"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11170"
          "slug" => "euro-dollar-exchange-rate-strategies-a-game-theoretical-approach"
          "yearMonth" => "1999-05"
          "year" => "1999"
          "title" => "Euro-dollar Exchange Rate Strategies: a Game Theoretical Approach"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1999). Euro-dollar Exchange Rate Strategies: a Game Theoretical Approach. Dans: International Trade and Finance Association (ITFA), 10th International Conference."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "International Trade and Finance Association (ITFA), 10th International Conference"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 09:35:51"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      140 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2399
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11171"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11171"
          "slug" => "tax-harmonization-versus-tax-competition-in-europe-game-theoretical-approach"
          "yearMonth" => "2001-03"
          "year" => "2001"
          "title" => "Tax Harmonization Versus Tax Competition in Europe: Game Theoretical Approach"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et WARIN, T. (2001). Tax Harmonization Versus Tax Competition in Europe: Game Theoretical Approach. Dans: 51st International Atlantic Economic Conference, Athens. Athens."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "WARIN T."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "51st International Atlantic Economic Conference, Athens"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 09:31:27"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      141 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2400
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11172"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11172"
          "slug" => "tax-competition-in-europe-a-war-of-attraction-game"
          "yearMonth" => "2001-05"
          "year" => "2001"
          "title" => "Tax Competition in Europe: A War of Attraction Game"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et WARIN, T. (2001). Tax Competition in Europe: A War of Attraction Game. Dans: International Trade and Finance Association, 11th International Conference. Washington DC."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "WARIN T."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "International Trade and Finance Association, 11th International Conference"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-08 17:19:42"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      142 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2401
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11173"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11173"
          "slug" => "do-policy-announcements-trigger-currency-crisis-and-output-losses"
          "yearMonth" => "2001-06"
          "year" => "2001"
          "title" => "Do Policy Announcements Trigger Currency Crisis and Output Losses?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et FRANK, R. (2001). Do Policy Announcements Trigger Currency Crisis and Output Losses? Dans: Conference on The Open Economy Macromodel: Past, Present and Future."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "FRANK R."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Conference on The Open Economy Macromodel: Past, Present and Future"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 12:37:53"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      143 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2402
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11174"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11174"
          "slug" => "are-policy-announcements-an-effective-defense-of-fixed-exchange-rate-regimes"
          "yearMonth" => "2001-08"
          "year" => "2001"
          "title" => "Are Policy Announcements an Effective Defense of Fixed Exchange Rate Regimes?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et FRANK, R. (2001). Are Policy Announcements an Effective Defense of Fixed Exchange Rate Regimes? Dans: 16th Annual Congress of European Economic Association. Lausanne."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "FRANK R."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "16th Annual Congress of European Economic Association"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:48"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      144 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2403
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11175"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11175"
          "slug" => "do-policy-announcements-trigger-currency-crises-and-recessions"
          "yearMonth" => "2001-10"
          "year" => "2001"
          "title" => "Do Policy Announcements Trigger Currency Crises and Recessions?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2001). Do Policy Announcements Trigger Currency Crises and Recessions? Dans: 52nd International Atlantic Economic Conference. Philadelphia."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "52nd International Atlantic Economic Conference"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:48"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      145 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2404
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11177"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11177"
          "slug" => "the-speculators-behavior-in-a-model-of-self-fulfilling-currency-crises"
          "yearMonth" => "2002-06"
          "year" => "2002"
          "title" => "The Speculators' Behavior in a Model of Self-fulfilling Currency Crises"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et FRANK, R. (2002). The Speculators' Behavior in a Model of Self-fulfilling Currency Crises. Dans: North American Summer Meeting of the Econometric Society. Los Angeles."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "FRANK R."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "North American Summer Meeting of the Econometric Society"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:48"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      146 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2405
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11178"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11178"
          "slug" => "understanding-ecb-monetary-policy-management"
          "yearMonth" => "2002-05"
          "year" => "2002"
          "title" => "Understanding ECB Monetary Policy Management"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (2002). Understanding ECB Monetary Policy Management. Dans: 12th International Conference of the International Trade and Finance Association. Bangkok."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "12th International Conference of the International Trade and Finance Association"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:48"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      147 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2406
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11179"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11179"
          "slug" => "tax-competition-in-europe-a-war-of-attraction-game"
          "yearMonth" => "2002-03"
          "year" => "2002"
          "title" => "Tax Competition in Europe: A War of Attraction Game"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et WARIN, T. (2002). Tax Competition in Europe: A War of Attraction Game. Dans: 53rd International Atlantic Economic Society Conference. Paris."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "WARIN T."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "53rd International Atlantic Economic Society Conference"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-08 17:19:30"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      148 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2407
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11180"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11180"
          "slug" => "le-protocole-de-kyoto-relance-ou-enlisement"
          "yearMonth" => "2003-03"
          "year" => "2003"
          "title" => "Le protocole de Kyoto, relance ou enlisement ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2003). Le protocole de Kyoto, relance ou enlisement ? Dans: Les Cinquièmes Entretiens de l'Association Française de Sciences Economiques. Paris."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Les Cinquièmes Entretiens de l'Association Française de Sciences Economiques"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:48"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      149 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2408
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11181"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11181"
          "slug" => "optimal-tax-harmonisation-in-europe-a-trojan-strategy"
          "yearMonth" => "2003-05"
          "year" => "2003"
          "title" => "Optimal Tax Harmonisation in Europe: A Trojan Strategy"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2003). Optimal Tax Harmonisation in Europe: A Trojan Strategy. Dans: Thirteenth International Conference, International Trade and Finance Association. Vassa."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Thirteenth International Conference, International Trade and Finance Association"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:48"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      150 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2409
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11182"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11182"
          "slug" => "fiscal-and-monetary-policies-in-the-eu"
          "yearMonth" => "2003-09"
          "year" => "2003"
          "title" => "Fiscal and Monetary Policies in the EU"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2003). Fiscal and Monetary Policies in the EU. Dans: European Ideas Network Conference. Madrid."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "European Ideas Network Conference"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:48"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      151 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2410
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11183"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11183"
          "slug" => "la-mondialisation-et-lemploi"
          "yearMonth" => "2005-01"
          "year" => "2005"
          "title" => "La mondialisation et l'emploi"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2005). La mondialisation et l'emploi. Dans: French Senate. Paris."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "French Senate"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:49"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      152 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2411
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11184"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11184"
          "slug" => "firms-and-the-environment-in-the-global-economyconceptual-background-and-policies"
          "yearMonth" => "2005-05"
          "year" => "2005"
          "title" => "Firms and the Environment in the Global Economy:Conceptual Background and Policies"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2005). Firms and the Environment in the Global Economy:Conceptual Background and Policies. Dans: International Trade and Finance Association, 15th International Conference. Instanbul."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "International Trade and Finance Association, 15th International Conference"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:49"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      153 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2412
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11185"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11185"
          "slug" => "how-to-create-jobs-in-europe"
          "yearMonth" => "2006-09"
          "year" => "2006"
          "title" => "How to create jobs in Europe"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2006). How to create jobs in Europe. Dans: European Ideas Network. Lyon."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "European Ideas Network"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:49"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      154 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2413
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11186"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11186"
          "slug" => "managing-monetary-policy-in-a-globalized-economy-choices-and-challenges-for-the-ecb"
          "yearMonth" => "2007-05"
          "year" => "2007"
          "title" => "Managing Monetary Policy in a Globalized Economy: Choices and Challenges for the ECB"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2007). Managing Monetary Policy in a Globalized Economy: Choices and Challenges for the ECB. Dans: International Trade and Finance Association, 17th International Conference. Miami."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "International Trade and Finance Association, 17th International Conference"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:49"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
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          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      155 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2414
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11198"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11198"
          "slug" => "fiscal-coordination-in-the-emu-a-theoretical-and-policy-perspective"
          "yearMonth" => "1997-01"
          "year" => "1997"
          "title" => "Fiscal Coordination in the EMU: A Theoretical and Policy Perspective"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (1997). <i>Fiscal Coordination in the EMU: A Theoretical and Policy Perspective</i>. ESSEC Business School."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 13:20:10"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Documents de travail"
            "en" => "Working Papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      156 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2415
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11200"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11200"
          "slug" => "les-fondamentaux-de-leconomie"
          "yearMonth" => "2005-09"
          "year" => "2005"
          "title" => "Les fondamentaux de l'économie"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2005). Les fondamentaux de l'économie. Dans: <i>MBA. L'essentiel du management</i>. 1st ed. Éditions d'Organisation."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "MBA. L'essentiel du management"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
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          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Chapitres"
            "en" => "Book chapters"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
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          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      157 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2416
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11205"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11205"
          "slug" => "chomage-de-longue-duree-et-proposition-du-gouvernement"
          "yearMonth" => "2015-02"
          "year" => "2015"
          "title" => "Chômage de longue durée et proposition du gouvernement"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2015). Chômage de longue durée et proposition du gouvernement. <i>Atlantico</i>, pp. 1-2."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "1-2"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      158 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2417
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11206"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11206"
          "slug" => "inversion-de-la-courbe-du-chomage-cest-pour-quand-les-projections-de-4-economistes-et-leurs-recommandations-sur-ce-quil-y-aurait-a-faire-pour-y-parvenir"
          "yearMonth" => "2013-11"
          "year" => "2013"
          "title" => "Inversion de la courbe du chômage... c'est pour quand ? les projections de 4 économistes (et leurs recommandations sur ce qu'il y aurait à faire pour y parvenir)"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2013). Inversion de la courbe du chômage... c'est pour quand ? les projections de 4 économistes (et leurs recommandations sur ce qu'il y aurait à faire pour y parvenir). <i>Atlantico</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => "1-4"
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      159 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2418
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11217"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11217"
          "slug" => "climat-laction-politique-peut-elle-etre-efficace"
          "yearMonth" => "2006-11"
          "year" => "2006"
          "title" => "Climat : L'action politique peut-elle être efficace ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2006). Climat : L'action politique peut-elle être efficace ? <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      160 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2419
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11218"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11218"
          "slug" => "effet-de-serre-lutter-sans-gaspiller"
          "yearMonth" => "2004-03"
          "year" => "2004"
          "title" => "Effet de serre : Lutter sans gaspiller"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2004). Effet de serre : Lutter sans gaspiller. <i>Métro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      161 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2420
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11219"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11219"
          "slug" => "europe-il-ny-a-pas-de-politique-commune"
          "yearMonth" => "2002-11"
          "year" => "2002"
          "title" => "Europe : il n'y a pas de politique commune"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2002). Europe : il n'y a pas de politique commune. <i>Libération</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      162 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2421
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11220"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11220"
          "slug" => "one-currency-for-europe-from-theory-to-practice"
          "yearMonth" => "1993-01"
          "year" => "1993"
          "title" => "One Currency for Europe: from Theory to Practice"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1993). One Currency for Europe: from Theory to Practice. <i>International Finance</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 09:41:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      163 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2422
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11223"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11223"
          "slug" => "les-objectifs-et-instruments-dune-politique-monetaire-in-french-and-english"
          "yearMonth" => "1994-05"
          "year" => "1994"
          "title" => "Les objectifs et instruments d'une politique monétaire (in French and English)"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1994). Les objectifs et instruments d'une politique monétaire (in French and English). Report to the European Parliament."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-08 17:24:05"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Rapports techniques / Livres blancs"
            "en" => "Technical reports / White papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      164 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2423
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11224"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11224"
          "slug" => "la-reforme-clinton-evaluation-et-perspectives"
          "yearMonth" => "1993-03"
          "year" => "1993"
          "title" => "La réforme Clinton : évaluation et perspectives"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1993). La réforme Clinton : évaluation et perspectives. <i>Journal Officiel des Communautés Européennes</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:49"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      165 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2424
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11225"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11225"
          "slug" => "les-prelevements-sur-les-entreprises-dans-la-communaute-europeenne"
          "yearMonth" => "1992-04"
          "year" => "1992"
          "title" => "Les prélèvements sur les entreprises dans la Communauté Européenne"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1992). Les prélèvements sur les entreprises dans la Communauté Européenne. Commission des Communautés Européennes."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 09:52:38"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Rapports techniques / Livres blancs"
            "en" => "Technical reports / White papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      166 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2425
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11237"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11237"
          "slug" => "leurope-et-la-coordination-des-politiques-monetaires"
          "yearMonth" => "1991-01"
          "year" => "1991"
          "title" => "L'Europe et la coordination des politiques monétaires"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1991). <i>L'Europe et la coordination des politiques monétaires</i>. Sirey, 166 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      167 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2426
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11238"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11238"
          "slug" => "situation-economique-de-la-communaute-des-politiques-economiques-pour-1988"
          "yearMonth" => "1988-05"
          "year" => "1988"
          "title" => "Situation économique de la Communauté des politiques économiques pour 1988"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1988). Situation économique de la Communauté des politiques économiques pour 1988. <i>Journal Officiel des Communautés Européennes</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-08 17:11:51"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      168 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2427
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11386"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11386"
          "slug" => "inflation-et-theorie-economique-une-analyse-critique"
          "yearMonth" => "1975-03"
          "year" => "1975"
          "title" => "Inflation et théorie économique : une analyse critique"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1975). Inflation et théorie économique : une analyse critique. <i>Revue Banque</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:51"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      169 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2428
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11387"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11387"
          "slug" => "interest-rate-and-bank-credit-in-france-a-theoretical-and-empirical-analysis"
          "yearMonth" => "1975-01"
          "year" => "1975"
          "title" => "Interest Rate and Bank Credit in France: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1975). Interest Rate and Bank Credit in France: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis. Dans: <i>European Finance Association, 1974, Proceedings, (B. Jacquillat,editor)</i>. North Holland."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "European Finance Association, 1974, Proceedings, (B. Jacquillat,editor)"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 09:05:07"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Actes d'une conférence"
            "en" => "Conference Proceedings"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      170 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2429
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11388"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11388"
          "slug" => "cost-push-vs-excess-demand-explanations-of-inflation-in-france-1960-1973"
          "yearMonth" => "1976-01"
          "year" => "1976"
          "title" => "Cost Push vs Excess Demand Explanations of Inflation in France, 1960-1973"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et FRATIANNI, M. (1976). Cost Push vs Excess Demand Explanations of Inflation in France, 1960-1973. Dans: <i>Proceedings of the 2nd European Finance Association Meeting, (D. Braley, editor)</i>. North Holland."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "FRATIANNI Michèle"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Proceedings of the 2nd European Finance Association Meeting, (D. Braley, editor)"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 08:55:13"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Actes d'une conférence"
            "en" => "Conference Proceedings"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      171 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2430
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11389"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11389"
          "slug" => "loffre-et-la-demande-de-monnaie-une-nouvelle-appreciation"
          "yearMonth" => "1976-03"
          "year" => "1976"
          "title" => "L'offre et la demande de monnaie : Une nouvelle appréciation"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et MELITZ, J. (1976). L'offre et la demande de monnaie : Une nouvelle appréciation. <i>Revue Banque</i>."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "MELITZ Jacques"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:51"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      172 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2431
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11390"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11390"
          "slug" => "un-modele-theorique-et-econometrique-du-systeme-monetaire-francais"
          "yearMonth" => "1976-01"
          "year" => "1976"
          "title" => "Un modèle théorique et économétrique du système monétaire français"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1976). Un modèle théorique et économétrique du système monétaire français. <i>Economie Appliquée</i>, Tome XXIX(1)."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:51"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => "Tome XXIX"
            "number" => "1"
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      173 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2432
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11391"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11391"
          "slug" => "comments-on-a-money-and-bank-credit-model-for-belgium"
          "yearMonth" => "1976-01"
          "year" => "1976"
          "title" => "Comments on "A  Money and  Bank Credit  Model for Belgium""
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1976). Comments on "A  Money and  Bank Credit  Model for Belgium". <i>Credit and Capital Markets (Kredit und Kapital)</i>, 3."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 08:53:33"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => "3"
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      174 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2433
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11392"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11392"
          "slug" => "leconomia-dellinflazione"
          "yearMonth" => "1976-10"
          "year" => "1976"
          "title" => "L'Economia dell'inflazione"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1976). L'Economia dell'inflazione. <i>Mercurio</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      175 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2434
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11395"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11395"
          "slug" => "le-mirage-du-plein-emploi"
          "yearMonth" => "1977-10"
          "year" => "1977"
          "title" => "Le Mirage du plein emploi"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et ROSA, J.J. (1977). Le Mirage du plein emploi. <i>Revue Banque</i>."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "ROSA Jean-Jacques"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:51"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      176 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2435
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11396"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11396"
          "slug" => "inflation-and-output-growth-the-french-experience"
          "yearMonth" => "1978-01"
          "year" => "1978"
          "title" => "Inflation and Output Growth: The French Experience"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1978). Inflation and Output Growth: The French Experience. <i>Journal of Monetary Economics</i>, 8."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:51"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => "8"
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      177 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2436
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11397"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11397"
          "slug" => "le-chomage-conceptions-depassees-et-nouvelles-analyses"
          "yearMonth" => "1978-03"
          "year" => "1978"
          "title" => "Le Chômage : Conceptions dépassées et nouvelles analyses"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et ROSA, J.J. (1978). Le Chômage : Conceptions dépassées et nouvelles analyses. <i>Revue Banque</i>."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "ROSA Jean-Jacques"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:52"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      178 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2437
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11398"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11398"
          "slug" => "report-on-france-towards-economic-liberalism"
          "yearMonth" => "1978-05"
          "year" => "1978"
          "title" => "Report on France: Towards Economic Liberalism"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1978). Report on France: Towards Economic Liberalism. Dans: <i>Shadow European Economic Policy Committee, PPS 78-1</i>. University of Rochester Policy  Center Publications."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Shadow European Economic Policy Committee, PPS 78-1"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:52"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Actes d'une conférence"
            "en" => "Conference Proceedings"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      179 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2438
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11400"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11400"
          "slug" => "la-dynamique-inflationniste-et-les-impulsions-economiques-une-analyse-de-lexperience-francaise"
          "yearMonth" => "1978-10"
          "year" => "1978"
          "title" => "La dynamique inflationniste et les impulsions économiques : Une analyse de l'expérience française"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1978). La dynamique inflationniste et les impulsions économiques : Une analyse de l'expérience française. <i>Recherches Economiques et Sociales</i>, (12)."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => "12"
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "France"
            "en" => "France"
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      180 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2439
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11401"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11401"
          "slug" => "limpact-relatif-de-la-monnaie-du-budget-et-de-letranger-sur-linflation-et-la-croissance-francaise-1960-1975"
          "yearMonth" => "1978-12"
          "year" => "1978"
          "title" => "L'impact relatif de la monnaie, du budget et de l'étranger sur l'inflation et la croissance française, 1960-1975"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1978). L'impact relatif de la monnaie, du budget et de l'étranger sur l'inflation et la croissance française, 1960-1975. <i>Economies et Sociétés</i>, 12."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:52"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => "12"
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      181 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2440
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11402"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11402"
          "slug" => "france-a-return-to-past-mistakes"
          "yearMonth" => "1979-05"
          "year" => "1979"
          "title" => "France: A Return to Past Mistakes?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1979). France: A Return to Past Mistakes? Dans: <i>Shadow European Economic Policy Committee, PPS 79-5</i>. University of Rochester Policy  Center Publications."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Shadow European Economic Policy Committee, PPS 79-5"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:52"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Actes d'une conférence"
            "en" => "Conference Proceedings"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      182 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2441
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11403"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11403"
          "slug" => "limpact-reel-de-lautomatisation"
          "yearMonth" => "1979-06"
          "year" => "1979"
          "title" => "L'impact réel de l'automatisation"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et TARONDEAU, J.C. (1979). L'impact réel de l'automatisation. <i>Revue Française de Gestion</i>, (21)."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "TARONDEAU Jean-Claude"
              "bid" => "B00000491"
              "slug" => "tarondeau-jean-claude"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:52"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => "21"
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Management"
            "en" => "Management"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      183 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2442
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11404"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11404"
          "slug" => "europe-enters-the-eighties-with-the-collaboration-of-the-members-of-the-shadow-european-economic-policy-committee"
          "yearMonth" => "1979-06"
          "year" => "1979"
          "title" => "Europe Enters the  Eighties (with the collaboration of the members of the Shadow European Economic Policy Committee)"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1979). Europe Enters the  Eighties (with the collaboration of the members of the Shadow European Economic Policy Committee). <i>Banca Nazionale Del Lavoro</i>, (Quaterly Review)."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
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          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => "Quaterly Review"
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
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          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      184 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2443
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11405"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11405"
          "slug" => "la-fiscalite-contre-leconomie"
          "yearMonth" => "1979-09"
          "year" => "1979"
          "title" => "La fiscalité contre l'économie ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1979). La fiscalité contre l'économie ? <i>Revue Banque</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:52"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      185 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2444
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11406"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11406"
          "slug" => "trois-ans-de-politique-monetaire-des-espoirs-non-confirmes"
          "yearMonth" => "1980-04"
          "year" => "1980"
          "title" => "Trois ans de politique monétaire : des espoirs non confirmés"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1980). Trois ans de politique monétaire : des espoirs non confirmés. <i>Vie et Sciences Economiques</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:52"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      186 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2445
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11407"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11407"
          "slug" => "has-the-barre-experiment-in-monetarism-failed"
          "yearMonth" => "1980-09"
          "year" => "1980"
          "title" => "Has the Barre Experiment in Monetarism Failed?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1980). Has the Barre Experiment in Monetarism Failed? <i>The Banker</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      187 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2446
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11409"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11409"
          "slug" => "du-cote-ou-a-cote-de-loffre-de-monnaie"
          "yearMonth" => "1981-01"
          "year" => "1981"
          "title" => "Du côté ou à côté de l'offre de monnaie ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et FRATIANNI, M. (1981). Du côté ou à côté de l'offre de monnaie ? <i>Annales de l'INSEE</i>, (41)."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "FRATIANNI Michèle"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => "41"
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      188 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2447
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11410"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11410"
          "slug" => "automatisation-et-emploi-mythes-et-realites"
          "yearMonth" => "1981-01"
          "year" => "1981"
          "title" => "Automatisation et emploi : Mythes et Réalités"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1981). Automatisation et emploi : Mythes et Réalités. <i>Les Mutations Technologiques</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      189 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2448
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11411"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11411"
          "slug" => "france-the-strategy-remains-unchanged"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-07"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "France: The Strategy Remains Unchanged"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). France: The Strategy Remains Unchanged. <i>The Banker</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      190 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2449
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11412"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11412"
          "slug" => "une-fiscalite-moderne-pour-une-economie-moderne"
          "yearMonth" => "1983-01"
          "year" => "1983"
          "title" => "Une fiscalité moderne pour une économie moderne"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1983). Une fiscalité moderne pour une économie moderne. <i>Revue Française de Finances Publiques</i>, (1)."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:52"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => "1"
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      191 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2450
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11413"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11413"
          "slug" => "lecu-strategie-pour-une-europe-en-crise"
          "yearMonth" => "1984-04"
          "year" => "1984"
          "title" => "L'Ecu : Stratégie pour une Europe en crise"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1984). L'Ecu : Stratégie pour une Europe en crise. <i>Revue Banque</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:52"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      192 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2451
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11414"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11414"
          "slug" => "economic-policies-in-france-a-review"
          "yearMonth" => "1984-05"
          "year" => "1984"
          "title" => "Economic Policies in France: A Review"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1984). Economic Policies in France: A Review. <i>Journal of Money, Credit and Banking</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:52"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      193 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2452
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11465"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11465"
          "slug" => "la-situation-economique-de-la-communaute-et-les-politiques-economiques-pour-1988-in-french-and-english-report-to-the-european-parliament"
          "yearMonth" => "1988-05"
          "year" => "1988"
          "title" => "La situation économique de la Communauté et les politiques économiques pour 1988 (in French and English) - Report to the European Parliament."
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1988). La situation économique de la Communauté et les politiques économiques pour 1988 (in French and English) - Report to the European Parliament."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 09:54:08"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Rapports techniques / Livres blancs"
            "en" => "Technical reports / White papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      194 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2453
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11466"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11466"
          "slug" => "la-supervision-des-institutions-bancaires-et-financieres-et-la-stabilite-monetaire-in-french-and-english-report-to-the-european-parliament"
          "yearMonth" => "1994-05"
          "year" => "1994"
          "title" => "La supervision des institutions bancaires et financières et la stabilité monétaire (in French and English) - Report to the European Parliament"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1994). La supervision des institutions bancaires et financières et la stabilité monétaire (in French and English) - Report to the European Parliament."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-08 17:27:09"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Rapports techniques / Livres blancs"
            "en" => "Technical reports / White papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      195 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2454
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11468"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11468"
          "slug" => "the-coordination-of-budgetary-and-fiscal-policies-in-the-monetary-union-report-to-the-european-parliament"
          "yearMonth" => "1997-06"
          "year" => "1997"
          "title" => "The Coordination of Budgetary and Fiscal Policies in the Monetary Union - Report to the European Parliament"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1997). The Coordination of Budgetary and Fiscal Policies in the Monetary Union - Report to the European Parliament."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 09:49:19"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Rapports techniques / Livres blancs"
            "en" => "Technical reports / White papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      196 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2455
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11469"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11469"
          "slug" => "sur-le-rapport-annuel-1997-de-linstitut-monetaire-europeen-in-french-and-english-report-to-the-european-parliament"
          "yearMonth" => "1998-07"
          "year" => "1998"
          "title" => "Sur le Rapport annuel 1997 de l'Institut Monétaire Européen (in French and English) - Report to the European Parliament."
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1998). Sur le Rapport annuel 1997 de l'Institut Monétaire Européen (in French and English) - Report to the European Parliament."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 09:48:39"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Rapports techniques / Livres blancs"
            "en" => "Technical reports / White papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      197 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2456
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11470"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11470"
          "slug" => "sur-leconomie-de-lunion-a-larrivee-de-leuro-promouvoir-la-croissance-lemploi-et-la-stabilite-in-french-and-english-report-to-the-european-parliament"
          "yearMonth" => "1999-03"
          "year" => "1999"
          "title" => "Sur l’économie de l’Union à l’arrivée de l’Euro : promouvoir la croissance l’emploi et la stabilité (in French and English) - Report to the European Parliament"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1999). Sur l’économie de l’Union à l’arrivée de l’Euro : promouvoir la croissance l’emploi et la stabilité (in French and English) - Report to the European Parliament."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 09:46:43"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Rapports techniques / Livres blancs"
            "en" => "Technical reports / White papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      198 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2457
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11471"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11471"
          "slug" => "sur-les-grandes-orientations-des-politiques-economiques-des-etats-membres-et-de-la-communaute-in-french-and-english-report-to-the-european-parliament"
          "yearMonth" => "1999-05"
          "year" => "1999"
          "title" => "Sur les grandes orientations des politiques économiques des Etats membres et de la Communauté (in French and English)- Report to the European Parliament."
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1999). Sur les grandes orientations des politiques économiques des Etats membres et de la Communauté (in French and English)- Report to the European Parliament."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 09:47:29"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Rapports techniques / Livres blancs"
            "en" => "Technical reports / White papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      199 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2458
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11472"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11472"
          "slug" => "william-nordhaus-un-economiste-du-climat-loin-des-previsions-apocalyptiques"
          "yearMonth" => "2018-10"
          "year" => "2018"
          "title" => "William Nordhaus, un économiste du climat “loin des prévisions apocalyptiques""
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2018). William Nordhaus, un économiste du climat “loin des prévisions apocalyptiques". <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-24 10:33:27"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      200 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2459
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11474"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11474"
          "slug" => "theorie-de-linflation-de-theories"
          "yearMonth" => "1975-04"
          "year" => "1975"
          "title" => "Théorie de l'inflation de théories"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1975). Théorie de l'inflation de théories. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      201 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2460
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11475"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11475"
          "slug" => "responsabilite-publique-et-controle-monetaire"
          "yearMonth" => "1975-12"
          "year" => "1975"
          "title" => "Responsabilité publique et contrôle monétaire"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1975). Responsabilité publique et contrôle monétaire. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      202 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2461
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11476"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11476"
          "slug" => "le-medecin-et-le-drogue"
          "yearMonth" => "1976-06"
          "year" => "1976"
          "title" => "Le médecin et le drogué"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1976). Le médecin et le drogué. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      203 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2462
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11477"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11477"
          "slug" => "pas-de-retour-possible-a-la-stabilite-sans-reforme-monetaire"
          "yearMonth" => "1976-09"
          "year" => "1976"
          "title" => "Pas de retour possible à la stabilité sans réforme monétaire"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1976). Pas de retour possible à la stabilité sans réforme monétaire. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      204 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2463
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11478"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11478"
          "slug" => "la-baisse-inevitable-des-investissements"
          "yearMonth" => "1977-06"
          "year" => "1977"
          "title" => "La baisse inévitable des investissements"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1977). La baisse inévitable des investissements. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      205 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2464
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11479"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11479"
          "slug" => "hausse-des-salaires-et-croissance"
          "yearMonth" => "1978-02"
          "year" => "1978"
          "title" => "Hausse des salaires et croissance"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et WEBER, A.P. (1978). Hausse des salaires et croissance. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "WEBER André Paul"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      206 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2465
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11480"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11480"
          "slug" => "mister-barres-pre-election-slump"
          "yearMonth" => "1978-02"
          "year" => "1978"
          "title" => "Mister Barre's Pre-Election Slump"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1978). Mister Barre's Pre-Election Slump. <i>The Banker</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      207 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2466
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11481"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11481"
          "slug" => "liberte-economique-ou-laisser-faire"
          "yearMonth" => "1978-05"
          "year" => "1978"
          "title" => "Liberté économique ou laisser-faire ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1978). Liberté économique ou laisser-faire ? <i>La Vie Française - L'Opinion</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      208 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2467
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11482"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11482"
          "slug" => "le-dollar-carter-et-les-autres"
          "yearMonth" => "1978-11"
          "year" => "1978"
          "title" => "Le dollar, Carter et les autres..."
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1978). Le dollar, Carter et les autres... <i>La Vie Française</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      209 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2468
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11483"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11483"
          "slug" => "lesprit-de-mai-68"
          "yearMonth" => "1978-11"
          "year" => "1978"
          "title" => "L'esprit de Mai 68"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1978). L'esprit de Mai 68. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      210 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2469
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11484"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11484"
          "slug" => "le-machinisme-et-la-productivite-contre-lemploi"
          "yearMonth" => "1979-04"
          "year" => "1979"
          "title" => "Le machinisme et la productivité contre l'emploi ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et TARONDEAU, J.C. (1979). Le machinisme et la productivité contre l'emploi ? <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "TARONDEAU Jean-Claude"
              "bid" => "B00000491"
              "slug" => "tarondeau-jean-claude"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Management"
            "en" => "Management"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      211 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2470
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11485"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11485"
          "slug" => "la-politique-economique-du-gouvernement-barre-et-le-neo-liberalisme"
          "yearMonth" => "1979-01"
          "year" => "1979"
          "title" => "La  politique économique du gouvernement Barre et le néo-libéralisme"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1979). La  politique économique du gouvernement Barre et le néo-libéralisme. <i>Encyclopaedia Universalis</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      212 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2471
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11486"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11486"
          "slug" => "has-raymond-barre-failed"
          "yearMonth" => "1979-10"
          "year" => "1979"
          "title" => "Has Raymond Barre Failed"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1979). Has Raymond Barre Failed. <i>The Wall Street Journal</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      213 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2472
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11487"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11487"
          "slug" => "lhomme-politique-malade-de-leconomique"
          "yearMonth" => "1979-11"
          "year" => "1979"
          "title" => "L'homme politique malade de l'économique"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1979). L'homme politique malade de l'économique. <i>L'Economie</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      214 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2473
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11488"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11488"
          "slug" => "le-travail-noir-encourage-par-la-loi-de-finance"
          "yearMonth" => "1979-12"
          "year" => "1979"
          "title" => "Le travail noir encouragé par la loi de finance"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1979). Le travail noir encouragé par la loi de finance. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      215 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2474
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11489"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11489"
          "slug" => "une-politique-pour-la-france"
          "yearMonth" => "1980-05"
          "year" => "1980"
          "title" => "Une politique pour la France"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1980). Une politique pour la France. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      216 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2475
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11490"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11490"
          "slug" => "the-minimum-wage-and-unemployment-a-french-view"
          "yearMonth" => "1980-11"
          "year" => "1980"
          "title" => "The Minimum Wage and Unemployment: A French View"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1980). The Minimum Wage and Unemployment: A French View. <i>The Wall Street Journal</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-08 17:50:39"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      217 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2476
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11491"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11491"
          "slug" => "plaidoyer-pour-un-redeploiement-financier-plafonner-le-recours-aux-deux-planches-a-billets"
          "yearMonth" => "1980-12"
          "year" => "1980"
          "title" => "Plaidoyer pour un redéploiement financier : plafonner le recours aux deux planches à billets"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et ALPHANDÉRY, E. (1980). Plaidoyer pour un redéploiement financier : plafonner le recours aux deux planches à billets. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "ALPHANDÉRY Edmond"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      218 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2477
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11492"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11492"
          "slug" => "plaidoyer-pour-un-redeploiement-financier-renover-les-circuits"
          "yearMonth" => "1980-12"
          "year" => "1980"
          "title" => "Plaidoyer pour un redéploiement financier : rénover les circuits"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et ALPHANDÉRY, E. (1980). Plaidoyer pour un redéploiement financier : rénover les circuits. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "ALPHANDÉRY Edmond"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      219 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2478
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11493"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11493"
          "slug" => "les-graves-erreurs-du-programme-socialiste"
          "yearMonth" => "1981-04"
          "year" => "1981"
          "title" => "Les graves erreurs du programme socialiste"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1981). Les graves erreurs du programme socialiste. <i>Le Quotidien de Paris</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      220 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2479
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11495"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11495"
          "slug" => "in-france-choices-not-echos"
          "yearMonth" => "1981-04"
          "year" => "1981"
          "title" => "In France, Choices Not Echos"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1981). In France, Choices Not Echos. <i>The Wall Street Journal</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      221 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2480
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11498"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11498"
          "slug" => "lideologie-minimale"
          "yearMonth" => "1981-06"
          "year" => "1981"
          "title" => "L'idéologie minimale"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1981). L'idéologie minimale. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      222 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2481
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11499"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11499"
          "slug" => "une-lourde-responsabilite"
          "yearMonth" => "1981-10"
          "year" => "1981"
          "title" => "Une lourde responsabilité"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1981). Une lourde responsabilité. <i>Le Quotidien de Paris</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      223 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2482
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11500"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11500"
          "slug" => "faut-il-controler-les-banques-pour-controler-la-monnaie"
          "yearMonth" => "1981-10"
          "year" => "1981"
          "title" => "Faut-il contrôler les banques pour contrôler la monnaie"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1981). Faut-il contrôler les banques pour contrôler la monnaie. <i>La Vie Française</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      224 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2483
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11502"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11502"
          "slug" => "des-choix-pour-la-france-i-un-socialisme-hexagonal"
          "yearMonth" => "1981-10"
          "year" => "1981"
          "title" => "Des choix pour la France I - Un socialisme hexagonal"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1981). Des choix pour la France I - Un socialisme hexagonal. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      225 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2484
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11503"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11503"
          "slug" => "des-choix-pour-la-france-ii-la-voie-moderne"
          "yearMonth" => "1981-10"
          "year" => "1981"
          "title" => "Des choix pour la France II - La voie moderne"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1981). Des choix pour la France II - La voie moderne. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      226 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2485
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11504"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11504"
          "slug" => "les-entreprises-et-largent-public-qui-parle-qui-recoit"
          "yearMonth" => "1981-10"
          "year" => "1981"
          "title" => "Les entreprises et l'argent public ; qui parle ? Qui reçoit ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1981). Les entreprises et l'argent public ; qui parle ? Qui reçoit ? <i>Le Nouveau Journal</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      227 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2486
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11505"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11505"
          "slug" => "nationalisations-les-consequences-pour-leconomie-francaise"
          "yearMonth" => "1981-10"
          "year" => "1981"
          "title" => "Nationalisations : les conséquences pour l'économie française"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1981). Nationalisations : les conséquences pour l'économie française. <i>Les Echos</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      228 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2487
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11506"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11506"
          "slug" => "nationalisations-la-logique-de-lartifice"
          "yearMonth" => "1981-10"
          "year" => "1981"
          "title" => "Nationalisations : la logique de l'artifice"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1981). Nationalisations : la logique de l'artifice. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      229 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2488
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11507"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11507"
          "slug" => "cercles-vertueux-ou-cercle-vicieux"
          "yearMonth" => "1981-10"
          "year" => "1981"
          "title" => "Cercles vertueux ou cercle vicieux ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1981). Cercles vertueux ou cercle vicieux ? <i>Le Quotidien de Paris</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      230 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2489
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11508"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11508"
          "slug" => "has-nationalization-really-worked-in-france"
          "yearMonth" => "1981-11"
          "year" => "1981"
          "title" => "Has Nationalization Really Worked in France?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1981). Has Nationalization Really Worked in France? <i>The Wall Street Journal</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      231 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2490
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11509"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11509"
          "slug" => "la-liberte-peut-elle-se-diviser"
          "yearMonth" => "1981-12"
          "year" => "1981"
          "title" => "La liberté peut-elle se diviser ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1981). La liberté peut-elle se diviser ? <i>Le Nouveau Journal</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      232 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2491
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11510"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11510"
          "slug" => "une-question-dideologie"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-01"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "Une question d'idéologie ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). Une question d'idéologie ? <i>Le Nouveau Journal</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      233 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2492
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11511"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11511"
          "slug" => "plan-interimaire-bonnes-intentions-contre-logique"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-01"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "Plan intérimaire : bonnes intentions contre logique"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). Plan intérimaire : bonnes intentions contre logique. <i>La Vie Française</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      234 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2493
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11512"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11512"
          "slug" => "economie-le-danger-de-radicalisation"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-02"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "Economie : Le danger de radicalisation"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). Economie : Le danger de radicalisation. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      235 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2494
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11513"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11513"
          "slug" => "politique-des-revenus-limpossible-espoir"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-02"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "Politique des revenus : l'impossible espoir"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). Politique des revenus : l'impossible espoir. <i>Le Nouveau Journal</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      236 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2495
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11514"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11514"
          "slug" => "la-mauvaise-decentralisation"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-03"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "La mauvaise décentralisation"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). La mauvaise décentralisation. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      237 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2496
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11515"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11515"
          "slug" => "lunion-sovietique-et-les-transferts-technologiques"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-03"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "L’Union Soviétique et les transferts technologiques"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). L’Union Soviétique et les transferts technologiques. <i>Le Nouveau Journal</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      238 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2497
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11516"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11516"
          "slug" => "la-garantie-delors"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-04"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "La garantie Delors ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). La garantie Delors ? <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      239 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2498
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11517"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11517"
          "slug" => "meriter-son-marche-interieur"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-04"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "Mériter son marché intérieur"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). Mériter son marché intérieur. <i>Le Nouveau Journal</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      240 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2499
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11518"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11518"
          "slug" => "le-grand-camouflage"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-05"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "Le Grand Camouflage"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). Le Grand Camouflage. <i>Le Quotidien de Paris</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      241 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2500
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11519"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11519"
          "slug" => "commerce-exterieur-la-preuve-par-neuf"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-06"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "Commerce extérieur : la preuve par neuf"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). Commerce extérieur : la preuve par neuf. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      242 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2501
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11520"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11520"
          "slug" => "faut-il-lutter-contre-linflation"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-06"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "Faut-il lutter contre l'inflation ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). Faut-il lutter contre l'inflation ? <i>Le Nouveau Journal</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      243 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2502
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11521"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11521"
          "slug" => "un-nouveau-systeme-monetaire-international"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-07"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "Un  "nouveau système monétaire international" ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). Un  "nouveau système monétaire international" ? <i>Le Nouveau Journal</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      244 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2503
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11522"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11522"
          "slug" => "un-plan-de-lutte-contre-linflation"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-07"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "Un plan de lutte contre l'inflation"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et ALPHANDÉRY, E. (1982). Un plan de lutte contre l'inflation. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "ALPHANDÉRY Edmond"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      245 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2504
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11523"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11523"
          "slug" => "la-democratie-et-les-pouvoirs"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-08"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "La démocratie et les pouvoirs"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). La démocratie et les pouvoirs. <i>Le Nouveau Journal</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      246 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2505
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11524"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11524"
          "slug" => "une-fausse-rigueur"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-09"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "Une fausse rigueur"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). Une fausse rigueur. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      247 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2506
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11525"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11525"
          "slug" => "les-prix-du-blocage"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-09"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "Les prix du blocage"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). Les prix du blocage. <i>Le Nouveau Journal</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      248 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2507
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11526"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11526"
          "slug" => "securite-sociale-la-necessaire-decentralisation"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-10"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "Sécurité Sociale : la nécessaire décentralisation"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). Sécurité Sociale : la nécessaire décentralisation. <i>Le Nouveau Journal</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      249 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2508
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11527"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11527"
          "slug" => "commerce-exterieur-les-fausses-solutions"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-11"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "Commerce extérieur : les fausses solutions"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). Commerce extérieur : les fausses solutions. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      250 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2509
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11528"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11528"
          "slug" => "les-jeunes-et-les-femmes-premieres-victimes-du-chomage"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-11"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "Les jeunes et les femmes, premières victimes du chômage"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). Les jeunes et les femmes, premières victimes du chômage. <i>Le Quotidien de Paris</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      251 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2510
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11529"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11529"
          "slug" => "un-dirigisme-industriel-ecule"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-11"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "Un dirigisme industriel éculé"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). Un dirigisme industriel éculé. <i>Le Nouveau Journal</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      252 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2511
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11530"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11530"
          "slug" => "jacques-delors-un-monetariste-de-gauche"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-12"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "Jacques Delors : Un monétariste de gauche ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). Jacques Delors : Un monétariste de gauche ? <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      253 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2512
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11531"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11531"
          "slug" => "la-mosaique-des-indemnisations"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-12"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "La mosaïque des indemnisations"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). La mosaïque des indemnisations. <i>Le Nouveau Journal</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      254 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2513
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11532"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11532"
          "slug" => "le-paradoxe-de-la-rolls-royce"
          "yearMonth" => "1983-02"
          "year" => "1983"
          "title" => "Le paradoxe de la Rolls Royce"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1983). Le paradoxe de la Rolls Royce. <i>Mieux-Vivre</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      255 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2514
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11533"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11533"
          "slug" => "lhorizon-1986"
          "yearMonth" => "1983-03"
          "year" => "1983"
          "title" => "L'horizon 1986"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1983). L'horizon 1986. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      256 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2515
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11534"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11534"
          "slug" => "les-deux-ennemis-du-franc"
          "yearMonth" => "1983-03"
          "year" => "1983"
          "title" => "Les deux ennemis du franc"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1983). Les deux ennemis du franc. <i>VSD</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      257 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2516
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11535"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11535"
          "slug" => "quel-chemin-vers-la-bonne-societe"
          "yearMonth" => "1983-04"
          "year" => "1983"
          "title" => "Quel chemin vers la bonne société ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1983). Quel chemin vers la bonne société ? <i>La lettre de l'AGORA</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => "14"
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      258 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2517
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11536"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11536"
          "slug" => "lendettement-des-pays-en-voie-de-developpement-sept-questions"
          "yearMonth" => "1983-05"
          "year" => "1983"
          "title" => "L'endettement des pays en voie de développement : sept questions"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et ALPHANDÉRY, E. (1983). L'endettement des pays en voie de développement : sept questions. <i>Le Figaro-Magazine</i>."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "ALPHANDÉRY Edmond"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      259 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2518
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11537"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11537"
          "slug" => "un-automne-chaud"
          "yearMonth" => "1983-06"
          "year" => "1983"
          "title" => "Un automne chaud ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1983). Un automne chaud ? <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      260 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2519
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11538"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11538"
          "slug" => "le-plan-ou-tous-les-oeufs-dans-le-meme-panier"
          "yearMonth" => "1983-07"
          "year" => "1983"
          "title" => "Le Plan, ou tous les œufs dans le même panier"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1983). Le Plan, ou tous les œufs dans le même panier. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 13:29:14"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      261 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2520
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11539"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11539"
          "slug" => "fiscalite-le-double-engrenage"
          "yearMonth" => "1983-09"
          "year" => "1983"
          "title" => "Fiscalité : le double engrenage"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1983). Fiscalité : le double engrenage. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      262 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2521
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11540"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11540"
          "slug" => "plus-limpot-augmente-plus-le-pays-sappauvrit"
          "yearMonth" => "1983-09"
          "year" => "1983"
          "title" => "Plus l'impôt augmente, plus le pays s'appauvrit"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1983). Plus l'impôt augmente, plus le pays s'appauvrit. <i>Magazine Hebdo</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      263 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2522
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11541"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11541"
          "slug" => "la-bombe-a-retardement"
          "yearMonth" => "1983-11"
          "year" => "1983"
          "title" => "La bombe à retardement"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1983). La bombe à retardement. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      264 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2523
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11542"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11542"
          "slug" => "etre-dans-la-course-avec-5-dinflation"
          "yearMonth" => "1983-12"
          "year" => "1983"
          "title" => "Etre dans la ‘course’ avec 5 % d'inflation"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1983). Etre dans la ‘course’ avec 5 % d'inflation. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      265 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2524
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11543"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11543"
          "slug" => "pour-abaisser-les-tarifs-publics-il-faut-jouer-a-fond-la-concurrence"
          "yearMonth" => "1984-01"
          "year" => "1984"
          "title" => "Pour abaisser les tarifs publics il faut jouer à fond la concurrence"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1984). Pour abaisser les tarifs publics il faut jouer à fond la concurrence. <i>Magazine Hebdo</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      266 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2525
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11544"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11544"
          "slug" => "le-calendrier-infernal"
          "yearMonth" => "1984-03"
          "year" => "1984"
          "title" => "Le calendrier infernal"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1984). Le calendrier infernal. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      267 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2526
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11545"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11545"
          "slug" => "un-projet-pour-leurope"
          "yearMonth" => "1984-03"
          "year" => "1984"
          "title" => "Un projet pour l'Europe"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1984). Un projet pour l'Europe. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      268 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2527
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11546"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11546"
          "slug" => "un-foisonnement-de-solutions-liberales"
          "yearMonth" => "1984-06"
          "year" => "1984"
          "title" => "Un foisonnement de solutions libérales"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1984). Un foisonnement de solutions libérales. <i>Lu</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      269 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2528
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11547"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11547"
          "slug" => "how-to-create-a-single-european-currency"
          "yearMonth" => "1984-06"
          "year" => "1984"
          "title" => "How to Create a Single European Currency"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et ALPHANDÉRY, E. (1984). How to Create a Single European Currency. <i>Financial Times</i>."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "ALPHANDÉRY Edmond"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      270 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2529
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11548"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11548"
          "slug" => "letat-actionnaire-piege"
          "yearMonth" => "1984-12"
          "year" => "1984"
          "title" => "L'Etat-actionnaire piégé"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1984). L'Etat-actionnaire piégé. <i>Le Nouvel Economiste</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      271 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2530
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11549"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11549"
          "slug" => "encadrement-du-credit-en-sortir-oui-mais-pas-nimporte-comment"
          "yearMonth" => "1984-12"
          "year" => "1984"
          "title" => "Encadrement du crédit : En sortir oui, mais pas n'importe comment"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1984). Encadrement du crédit : En sortir oui, mais pas n'importe comment. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      272 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2531
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11550"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11550"
          "slug" => "le-liberalisme-ne-peut-plus-se-nourrir-de-lechec-du-socialisme"
          "yearMonth" => "1985-01"
          "year" => "1985"
          "title" => "Le libéralisme ne peut plus se nourrir de l'échec du socialisme"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1985). Le libéralisme ne peut plus se nourrir de l'échec du socialisme. <i>Le Quotidien de Paris</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      273 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2532
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11551"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11551"
          "slug" => "vers-une-dereglementation-a-la-francaise"
          "yearMonth" => "1985-05"
          "year" => "1985"
          "title" => "Vers une déréglementation à la française"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1985). Vers une déréglementation à la française. <i>Le Nouvel Economiste</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      274 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2533
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11552"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11552"
          "slug" => "impots-lecons-damerique"
          "yearMonth" => "1985-05"
          "year" => "1985"
          "title" => "Impôts : leçons d'Amérique"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1985). Impôts : leçons d'Amérique. <i>Le Nouvel Economiste</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      275 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2534
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11553"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11553"
          "slug" => "lendettement-international-comment-en-sortir"
          "yearMonth" => "1985-10"
          "year" => "1985"
          "title" => "L'endettement international : Comment en sortir ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1985). L'endettement international : Comment en sortir ? <i>La Tribune de l'Economie</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      276 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2535
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11554"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11554"
          "slug" => "bientot-le-liberalisme"
          "yearMonth" => "1985-10"
          "year" => "1985"
          "title" => "Bientôt le libéralisme"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1985). Bientôt le libéralisme. <i>Passeport International</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      277 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2536
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11555"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11555"
          "slug" => "securite-sociale-abaisser-les-couts-a-protection-egale"
          "yearMonth" => "1985-11"
          "year" => "1985"
          "title" => "Sécurité Sociale : abaisser les coûts à protection égale"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1985). Sécurité Sociale : abaisser les coûts à protection égale. <i>Marianne</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      278 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2537
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11556"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11556"
          "slug" => "comment-creer-les-emplois"
          "yearMonth" => "1985-11"
          "year" => "1985"
          "title" => "Comment créer les emplois"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1985). Comment créer les emplois. <i>Le Nouvel Economiste</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      279 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2538
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11557"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11557"
          "slug" => "quelle-politique-economique-pour-1986"
          "yearMonth" => "1986-01"
          "year" => "1986"
          "title" => "Quelle politique économique pour 1986 ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1986). Quelle politique économique pour 1986 ? <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      280 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2539
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11558"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11558"
          "slug" => "baisser-les-impots-pourquoi-comment"
          "yearMonth" => "1986-02"
          "year" => "1986"
          "title" => "Baisser les impôts Pourquoi ? Comment ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1986). Baisser les impôts Pourquoi ? Comment ? <i>Le Quotidien de Paris</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      281 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2540
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11559"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11559"
          "slug" => "les-maitres-du-mensonge"
          "yearMonth" => "1986-02"
          "year" => "1986"
          "title" => "Les maîtres du mensonge"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1986). Les maîtres du mensonge. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      282 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2541
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11560"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11560"
          "slug" => "redresser-leconomie-et-liberer-la-societe"
          "yearMonth" => "1986-02"
          "year" => "1986"
          "title" => "Redresser l'économie et libérer la société"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1986). Redresser l'économie et libérer la société. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      283 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2542
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11561"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11561"
          "slug" => "le-budget-et-la-reforme-fiscale"
          "yearMonth" => "1986-10"
          "year" => "1986"
          "title" => "Le budget et la réforme fiscale"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1986). Le budget et la réforme fiscale. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      284 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2543
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11562"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11562"
          "slug" => "relancer-lecu"
          "yearMonth" => "1986-11"
          "year" => "1986"
          "title" => "Relancer l'Ecu"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1986). Relancer l'Ecu. <i>Le Nouvel Economiste</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      285 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2544
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11563"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11563"
          "slug" => "plus-vite-plus-vite-les-reformes-interview"
          "yearMonth" => "1986-12"
          "year" => "1986"
          "title" => "Plus vite, plus vite, les réformes ! (interview)"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1986). Plus vite, plus vite, les réformes ! (interview). <i>L' Evénement du Jeudi</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      286 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2545
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11564"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11564"
          "slug" => "leurope-et-leconomie-interview"
          "yearMonth" => "1987-01"
          "year" => "1987"
          "title" => "L'Europe et l'Economie (interview)"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1987). L'Europe et l'Economie (interview). <i>Sud-Ouest</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      287 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2546
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11565"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11565"
          "slug" => "prets-pour-le-grand-marche"
          "yearMonth" => "1987-04"
          "year" => "1987"
          "title" => "Prêts pour le grand marché ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1987). Prêts pour le grand marché ? <i>Le Nouvel Economiste</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      288 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2547
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11566"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11566"
          "slug" => "la-voie-etroite"
          "yearMonth" => "1987-04"
          "year" => "1987"
          "title" => "La voie étroite"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1987). La voie étroite. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      289 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2548
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11567"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11567"
          "slug" => "pour-une-politique-budgetaire-europeenne"
          "yearMonth" => "1987-09"
          "year" => "1987"
          "title" => "Pour une politique budgétaire européenne"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1987). Pour une politique budgétaire européenne. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      290 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2549
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11568"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11568"
          "slug" => "leurope-est-le-grand-projet-de-notre-fin-de-siecle"
          "yearMonth" => "1987-11"
          "year" => "1987"
          "title" => "L'Europe est le grand projet de notre fin de siècle"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1987). L'Europe est le grand projet de notre fin de siècle. <i>La Tribune Parlementaire</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      291 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2550
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11569"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11569"
          "slug" => "europe-un-peu-de-hauteur-messieurs-les-chefs-detat"
          "yearMonth" => "1988-02"
          "year" => "1988"
          "title" => "Europe : un peu de hauteur Messieurs les Chefs d'Etat"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1988). Europe : un peu de hauteur Messieurs les Chefs d'Etat. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      292 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2551
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11570"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11570"
          "slug" => "quelles-reformes-pour-la-fiscalite-directe"
          "yearMonth" => "1988-04"
          "year" => "1988"
          "title" => "Quelles réformes pour la fiscalité directe ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1988). Quelles réformes pour la fiscalité directe ? <i>AGEFI(L')</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      293 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2552
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11571"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11571"
          "slug" => "le-marche-commun-des-etats-du-golfe"
          "yearMonth" => "1988-05"
          "year" => "1988"
          "title" => "Le marché commun des Etats du Golfe"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1988). Le marché commun des Etats du Golfe. <i>Le Nouvel Economiste</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      294 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2553
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11572"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11572"
          "slug" => "horizon-1993-une-banque-centrale-pour-leurope"
          "yearMonth" => "1988-06"
          "year" => "1988"
          "title" => "Horizon 1993 : une banque centrale pour l'Europe"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1988). Horizon 1993 : une banque centrale pour l'Europe. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      295 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2554
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11573"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11573"
          "slug" => "le-budget-1989-et-leurope"
          "yearMonth" => "1988-10"
          "year" => "1988"
          "title" => "Le budget 1989 et l'Europe"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1988). Le budget 1989 et l'Europe. <i>Option Finance</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      296 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2555
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11574"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11574"
          "slug" => "budget-1989-leurope-en-peau-de-chagrin"
          "yearMonth" => "1988-10"
          "year" => "1988"
          "title" => "Budget 1989 : l'Europe en peau de chagrin"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1988). Budget 1989 : l'Europe en peau de chagrin. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      297 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2556
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "4928"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "4928"
          "slug" => "optimal-inflation-rates-in-transitional-economies"
          "yearMonth" => "1996-01"
          "year" => "1996"
          "title" => "'Optimal' Inflation Rates in Transitional Economies"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (1996). 'Optimal' Inflation Rates in Transitional Economies. Dans: <i>1996 Contemporary Working Paper</i>. International Trade and Finance Association (ITFA), pp. 189-204."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "1996 Contemporary Working Paper"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "189-204"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Actes d'une conférence"
            "en" => "Conference Proceedings"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Notre modèle montre qu'avec des anticipations adaptatives l'inflation peut conduire à un niveau d'emploi supérieur au niveau structurel via un processus de négociations entre les employés et les propriétaires des entreprises. Le gouvernement peut alors rechercher un taux d'inflation 'optimal'. Lorsque les anticipations sont rationnelles, il existe toujours un taux optimal qui est d'autant plus faible que la réforme des entreprises et les privatisations sont avancées."
            "en" => "In the context of sluggish price expectations we show that inflation in transitional economies can push employment over its structural level that is determined by a bargaining process between workers and firm owners. The government can then seek an "optimal" inflation rate. When rational expectations are formed, governments may still seek an 'optimal' inflation rate which is lower according to the speed of company reforms and privatization."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      298 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2557
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11625"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11625"
          "slug" => "pour-un-nouveau-liberalisme"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-01"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "Pour un nouveau libéralisme"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). <i>Pour un nouveau libéralisme</i>. Albin Michel, 201 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      299 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2558
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11626"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11626"
          "slug" => "comment-juger-son-temps"
          "yearMonth" => "1982-01"
          "year" => "1982"
          "title" => "Comment Juger son Temps"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1982). <i>Comment Juger son Temps</i>. Le Nouveau Journal."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      300 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2559
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11627"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11627"
          "slug" => "les-mutations-technologiques"
          "yearMonth" => "1981-01"
          "year" => "1981"
          "title" => "Les Mutations Technologiques"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1981). <i>Les Mutations Technologiques</i>. Economica."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      301 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2560
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11628"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11628"
          "slug" => "sauver-leconomie"
          "yearMonth" => "1978-01"
          "year" => "1978"
          "title" => "Sauver l'Economie"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1978). <i>Sauver l'Economie</i>. Calmann-Lévy."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      302 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2561
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11629"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11629"
          "slug" => "pour-une-nouvelle-approche-de-lemploi"
          "yearMonth" => "1978-01"
          "year" => "1978"
          "title" => "Pour une nouvelle approche de l'emploi"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1978). <i>Pour une nouvelle approche de l'emploi</i>. Entreprise Moderne d'Edition."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      303 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2562
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11630"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11630"
          "slug" => "leconomique-retrouvee"
          "yearMonth" => "1977-01"
          "year" => "1977"
          "title" => "L'Economique Retrouvée"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1977). <i>L'Economique Retrouvée</i>. Economica, 325 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      304 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2563
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11631"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11631"
          "slug" => "la-politique-de-la-monnaie-analyse-et-propositions"
          "yearMonth" => "1976-01"
          "year" => "1976"
          "title" => "La Politique de la Monnaie : Analyse et propositions"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1976). <i>La Politique de la Monnaie : Analyse et propositions</i>. Economica, 203 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Prix de finance de l'Association Nationale des Docteurs es-Sciences Economiques"
            "en" => "Prix de finance de l'Association Nationale des Docteurs es-Sciences Economiques"
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      305 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2564
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11638"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11638"
          "slug" => "les-prelevements-sur-les-entreprises-dans-la-communaute-europeenne-le-japon-et-les-usa-analyse-consequences-et-propositions"
          "yearMonth" => "1992-01"
          "year" => "1992"
          "title" => "Les prélèvements sur les entreprises dans la Communauté européenne, le Japon et les USA : Analyse, conséquences et propositions"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1992). <i>Les prélèvements sur les entreprises dans la Communauté européenne, le Japon et les USA : Analyse, conséquences et propositions</i>. Commission des Communautés Européennes."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      306 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2565
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11639"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11639"
          "slug" => "a-economia-explicada-a-minha-filha"
          "yearMonth" => "1998-01"
          "year" => "1998"
          "title" => "A Economia Explicada A Minha Filha"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1998). <i>A Economia Explicada A Minha Filha</i>. Lisbonne: Livros do Brasil."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      307 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2566
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11640"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11640"
          "slug" => "die-welt-der-wirtschaft"
          "yearMonth" => "2000-01"
          "year" => "2000"
          "title" => "Die Welt der Wirtschaft"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2000). <i>Die Welt der Wirtschaft</i>. Campus Sachbuch."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      308 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2567
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11641"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11641"
          "slug" => "leconomia-raccontata-a-mia-figlia"
          "yearMonth" => "1998-01"
          "year" => "1998"
          "title" => "L'Economia Raccontata a Mia Figlia"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1998). <i>L'Economia Raccontata a Mia Figlia</i>. Milano: Etaslibri."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      309 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2568
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11642"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11642"
          "slug" => "explicandu-i-fiicei-mele-economia"
          "yearMonth" => "1998-01"
          "year" => "1998"
          "title" => "Explicându-i fiicei mele… economia"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1998). <i>Explicându-i fiicei mele… economia</i>. Eurosong and Book."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      310 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2569
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8192"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8192"
          "slug" => "les-enjeux-economiques-de-la-grande-allemagne-menaces-ou-opportunites"
          "yearMonth" => "1990-12"
          "year" => "1990"
          "title" => "Les enjeux économiques de la grande Allemagne : menaces ou opportunités"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1990). <i>Les enjeux économiques de la grande Allemagne : menaces ou opportunités</i>. ESSEC Business School."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 09:44:17"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Documents de travail"
            "en" => "Working Papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      311 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2570
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3078"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3078"
          "slug" => "la-empresa-y-europa"
          "yearMonth" => "1995-01"
          "year" => "1995"
          "title" => "La Empresa y Europa"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1995). <i>La Empresa y Europa</i>. Marcambo, 355 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Nous étudions ici l'importance de l'Europe pour les managers : perspectives, contraintes et opportunités. Nous proposons une analyse des évolutions de l'environnement de l'entreprise et des principes d'action. Quatre grands thèmes sont abordés : le lobbying à l'Européenne, le marché unique, programmes et projets et les grands défis européens."
            "en" => "We analyze here the importance of Europe for managers : its perspectives, constraints and opportunities. We provide an analysis of changes in the firm's environment and methods of action. Four main topics are analyzed : European lobbying, the Single Market, programs and projects and great European challenges."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      312 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2571
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8237"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8237"
          "slug" => "lunion-monetaire-de-leurope-fondements-theoriques-problemes-et-propositions"
          "yearMonth" => "1990-01"
          "year" => "1990"
          "title" => "L'union monétaire de l'Europe : fondements théoriques, problèmes et propositions"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1990). <i>L'union monétaire de l'Europe : fondements théoriques, problèmes et propositions</i>. ESSEC Business School."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 21:00:33"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Documents de travail"
            "en" => "Working Papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      313 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2572
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3087"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3087"
          "slug" => "la-globalizzazione-raccontata-a-mia-figlia"
          "yearMonth" => "2005-01"
          "year" => "2005"
          "title" => "La globalizzazione raccontata a mia figlia"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2005). <i>La globalizzazione raccontata a mia figlia</i>. Rubbettino, 217 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Ce livre examine la mondialisation avec la vision de l'économiste. D'où vient-elle ? Où va-t-elle ? Sont analysées les questions de sa "régulation", de la technologie, des multinationales, du rôle du marché et des Etats, des institutions internationales et des ONG, de l'environnement, du développement, de la pauvreté et des inégalités. Le tout de façon conviviale et claire, mais avec rigueur et sérieux."
            "en" => "This book analyzes the globalization process viewed from an economist point of view. Where does it come from? Where are we now? Where do we go? Are analyzed questions about regulation, technologies, multinational firms, role of markets and governments, of international institutions and NGO, environment, development, poverty and inequalities. The book is written in an enjoyable way, but rigorous and serious."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      314 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2573
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8287"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8287"
          "slug" => "nominal-income-versus-taylor-type-rules-in-practice"
          "yearMonth" => "2016-07"
          "year" => "2016"
          "title" => "Nominal Income Versus Taylor-Type Rules in Practice"
          "description" => "BENCHIMOL, J. et FOURÇANS, A. (2016). <i>Nominal Income Versus Taylor-Type Rules in Practice</i>. ESSEC Business School."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "BENCHIMOL J."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-08 17:21:37"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Documents de travail"
            "en" => "Working Papers"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      315 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2574
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3093"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3093"
          "slug" => "la-mondialisation-racontee-a-ma-fille"
          "yearMonth" => "2001-01"
          "year" => "2001"
          "title" => "La mondialisation racontée à ma fille"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2001). <i>La mondialisation racontée à ma fille</i>. Editions du Seuil, 304 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Un examen de la mondialisation et de ses conséquences. D'où vient-elle ? Faut-il la réguler ? Le rôle de la "nouvelle économie" et des nouvelles technologies. Les multinationales, le marché et l'Etat. Les institutions internationales et les ONG. L'impact économique et social, mais aussi culturel. La pauvreté dans les pays riches et pauvres. Le développement et l'écologie."
            "en" => "An examination of globalization and its consequences. Where does it come from, and where does it lead us? What is the role of the "new economy" and of new technologies? The following issues are being addressed: multinational corporations, the market and the State, international institutions and NGOs, the economic, social, political and cultural impact, poverty in rich and under developed countries, economic development and environmental issues."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      316 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2575
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3094"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3094"
          "slug" => "la-mondialisation-racontee-a-ma-fille"
          "yearMonth" => "2007-01"
          "year" => "2007"
          "title" => "La mondialisation racontée à ma fille"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2007). <i>La mondialisation racontée à ma fille</i>. Editions du Seuil, 220 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:4 [
            0 => "Développement"
            1 => "Etat et institutions internationales"
            2 => "Mondialisation"
            3 => "Multinationales"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une nouvelle édition entièrement refondue avec des innovations importantes par rapport à la précédente, et davantage orientée vers les perspectives d'avenir en matière de mondialisation et de ses conséquences. Les sujets suivants sont traités : l'historique de la mondialisation , les multinationales , l'économique et le social , l'Europe , la pauvreté , le développement , la culture , l'écologie , le rôle de l'Etat, des ONG et des institutions internationales , etc."
            "en" => "A new edition completely reviewed and updated, with important innovations compared to the 1st edition, and with more emphasis on future perspectives about globalization. The following subjects are discussed : history of globalization , multinational firms , economic and social questions , Europe , poverty , development , culture , environment , role of the State , NGOs and international institutions."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      317 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2576
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3095"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3095"
          "slug" => "la-mondialisation-racontee-a-ma-fille-edition-coreenne"
          "yearMonth" => "2011-01"
          "year" => "2011"
          "title" => "La Mondialisation racontée à ma fille (édition coréenne)"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2011). <i>La Mondialisation racontée à ma fille (édition coréenne)</i>. 2 ed. Séoul: Gimm Young, 219 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Economie"
            1 => "International"
            2 => "Mondialisation"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 16:57:02"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Un examen de la mondialisation et ses conséquences. D'où vient-elle ? Faut-il la réguler ? Quel est le rôle de la nouvelle économie et des nouvelles technologies. Des multinationales, du marché et de l'Etat, des ONG ? Les questions relatives à l'économie, le social, la culture, la pauvreté, le développement, l'environnement, etc."
            "en" => "An examination of globalization and its consequences . Where does it come from, and where can it lead us? What is the role of the new economy and of new technologies? The following issues are addressed: multinational corporations, the market and the State, international institutions and NGOs, the economic, social, political and cultural impact, poverty in rich and under developed countries, economic development and environmental issues."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      318 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2577
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3096"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3096"
          "slug" => "la-mondialisation-racontee-a-ma-fille-edition-chinoise"
          "yearMonth" => "2007-01"
          "year" => "2007"
          "title" => "La mondialisation racontée à ma fille (édition Chinoise)"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2007). <i>La mondialisation racontée à ma fille (édition Chinoise)</i>. 2 ed. Taiwan: Shu-Chuan, 239 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Economie"
            1 => "International"
            2 => "Mondialisation"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Un examen de la mondialisation et de ses conséquences. D'où vient-elle ? Faut-il la réguler ? Quel est le rôle de la nouvelle économie et des nouvelles technologies. Des multinationales, du marché et de l'Etat, des ONG ? Les questions relatives à l'économie, le social, la culture, la pauvreté, le développement, l'environnement, etc."
            "en" => "An examination of globalization and its consequences. Where does it come from, and where does it lead us? What is the role of the new economy and of new technologies? The following issues are being addressed: multinational corporations, the market and the State, international institutions and NGOs, the economic, social, political and cultural impact, poverty in rich and under developed countries, economic development and environmental issues."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      319 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2578
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3158"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3158"
          "slug" => "leconomie-expliquee-a-ma-fille"
          "yearMonth" => "1997-03"
          "year" => "1997"
          "title" => "L'économie expliquée à ma fille"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1997). <i>L'économie expliquée à ma fille</i>. Seuil, 205 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une présentation pédagogique et allègre de la théorie économique, surtout macro-économique, pour un large public. Une approche sérieuse mais sans se prendre au sérieux des grandes questions économiques et de leurs fondements scientifiques."
            "en" => "A pedagogical and good humored presentation of economic theory, especially macroeconomics, for a wide non-specialist readership. A serious approach of the current important economic questions as well as of their scientific background, in which the author does not take himself too seriously."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      320 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2579
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3159"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3159"
          "slug" => "leconomie-expliquee-a-ma-fille-2eme-edition"
          "yearMonth" => "2006-10"
          "year" => "2006"
          "title" => "L'économie expliquée à ma fille (2ème édition)"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2006). <i>L'économie expliquée à ma fille (2ème édition)</i>. 2 ed. Editions du Seuil, 219 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Economie"
            1 => "Politique économique"
            2 => "Théorie économique"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une seconde édition revue et augmentée du livre paru en 1997.Une présentation pédagogique et allègre de la théorie économique, surtout macro-économique, pour un large public. Une approche sérieuse mais sans se prendre au sérieux des grandes questions économiques et de leurs fondements scientifiques."
            "en" => "A revised and increased second edition of the book first published in 1997. A pedagogical and good humored presentation of economic theory, especially macroeconomics, for a wide non-specialist readership. A serious approach of the current important economic questions as well as of their scientific background, in which the author does not take himself too seriously."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      321 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2580
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3160"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3160"
          "slug" => "leconomie-expliquee-a-ma-fille-edition-taiwan"
          "yearMonth" => "2006-01"
          "year" => "2006"
          "title" => "L'économie expliquée à ma fille (édition Taïwan)"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2006). <i>L'économie expliquée à ma fille (édition Taïwan)</i>. Knowledgism, 247 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Economie"
            1 => "Politique économique"
            2 => "Théorie économique"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une seconde édition revue et augmentée du livre paru en 1997.Une présentation pédagogique et allègre de la théorie économique, surtout macro-économique, pour un large public. Une approche sérieuse mais sans se prendre au sérieux des grandes questions économiques et de leurs fondements scientifiques."
            "en" => "A revised and increased second edition of the book first published in 1997. A pedagogical and good humoured presentation of economic theory, especially macroeconomics, for a wide non-specialist readership. A serious approach of the current important economic questions as well as of their scientific background, in which the author does not take himself too seriously."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      322 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2581
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3161"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3161"
          "slug" => "leconomie-expliquee-a-ma-fille-traduction-chinoise"
          "yearMonth" => "2008-01"
          "year" => "2008"
          "title" => "L'économie expliquée à ma fille (traduction chinoise)"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2008). <i>L'économie expliquée à ma fille (traduction chinoise)</i>. 2 ed. China Renmin University Press, 173 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Economie"
            1 => "Politique économique"
            2 => "Théorie économique"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une seconde édition revue et augmentée du livre paru en 1997. Une présentation pédagogique et allègre de la théorie économique, surtout macro-économique, pour un large public. Une approche sérieuse mais sans se prendre au sérieux des grandes questions économiques et de leurs fondements scientifiques."
            "en" => "A revised and increased second edition of the book first published in 1997. A pedagogical and good hamoured presentation of economic theory, especially macroeconomics, for a wide non-specialist readership. A serious approach of the current important economic questions as well as of their scientific background, in which the author does not take himself too seriously."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      323 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2582
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3162"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3162"
          "slug" => "leconomie-expliquee-a-ma-fille-traduit-en-chinois"
          "yearMonth" => "2002-01"
          "year" => "2002"
          "title" => "L'économie expliquée à ma fille (traduit en chinois)"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2002). <i>L'économie expliquée à ma fille (traduit en chinois)</i>. ZB.L & Associés."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une présentation pédagogique et allègre de la théorie économique, surtout macro-économique, pour un large public. Une approche sérieuse mais sans se prendre au sérieux des grandes questions économiques et de leurs fondements scientifiques."
            "en" => "A pedagogical and good humored presentation of economic theory, especially macroeconomics, for a wide non-spécialist readership. A serious approach of the current important economic questions as well as of their scientific background, in which the author does not take himself too seriously."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      324 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2583
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3163"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3163"
          "slug" => "leconomie-expliquee-a-ma-fille-traduit-en-coreen"
          "yearMonth" => "2002-01"
          "year" => "2002"
          "title" => "L'économie expliquée à ma fille (traduit en coréen)"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2002). <i>L'économie expliquée à ma fille (traduit en coréen)</i>. ZB.L & Associés."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une présentation pédagogique et allègre de la théorie économique, surtout macro-économique, pour un large public. Une approche sérieuse mais sans se prendre au sérieux des grandes questions économiques et de leurs fondements scientifiques."
            "en" => "A pedagogical and good humored presentation of economic theory, especially macroeconomics, for a wide non-specialist readership. A serious approach of the current important economic questions as well as their scientific background, in which the author does not take himself too seriously."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      325 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2584
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3165"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3165"
          "slug" => "lentreprise-et-leurope-cles-pour-le-decideur"
          "yearMonth" => "1993-01"
          "year" => "1993"
          "title" => "L'entreprise et l'Europe : clés pour le décideur"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1993). <i>L'entreprise et l'Europe : clés pour le décideur</i>. InterEditions, 387 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet ouvrage analyse les évolutions de l'environnement européen de l'entreprise et des principes qui les régissent. Il fournit les informations et les modalités susceptibles de faire avancer les projets de l'entreprise (concurrence, aides, rapprochements, lobbying, normes, marchés publics, recherche et développement, fiscalité, etc.)."
            "en" => "The book analyzes the changes in the European environment of firms, as well as the causes of these changes. It provides the information and procedures to help the firm implement its European projects (lobbying, norms, public procurements, taxes, R & D, financing, etc.)."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      326 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2585
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3187"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3187"
          "slug" => "les-secrets-de-la-prosperite"
          "yearMonth" => "2011-01"
          "year" => "2011"
          "title" => "Les secrets de la prospérité"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2011). <i>Les secrets de la prospérité</i>. Seuil, 235 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Développement et croissance"
            1 => "Environnement"
            2 => "Prospérité économique"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une analyse des fondements économiques de questions économico-sociales qui s’inscrivent dans la longue durée : l’écologie, la responsabilité sociale de l’entreprise, le changement climatique, le niveau de vie, le développement, la croissance et ses limites possibles, etc."
            "en" => "An analysis of the economic foundation of long-term socio-economic questions: ecology, social responsibility of firms, climate change, standard of living, development, growth and its limits, etc."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      327 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2586
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8653"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8653"
          "slug" => "laccord-signe-entre-la-banque-de-chine-et-la-bce-peut-il-changer-la-donne"
          "yearMonth" => "2013-10"
          "year" => "2013"
          "title" => "L'accord signé entre la banque de Chine et la BCE peut-il changer la donne ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2013). L'accord signé entre la banque de Chine et la BCE peut-il changer la donne ? <i>Atlantico</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      328 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2587
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8676"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8676"
          "slug" => "a-propos-du-manifeste"
          "yearMonth" => "1996-01"
          "year" => "1996"
          "title" => "A propos du manifeste"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1996). A propos du manifeste. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse des propositions de politiques monétaire et budgétaire pour traiter l'économie française. Des propositions nouvelles pour accélérer la croissance et l'emploi sont mises en avant."
            "en" => "This article analyzes various proposals concerning  fiscal and monetary policies in France. Counter-proposals to increase growth and employment are put forward."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      329 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2588
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8704"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8704"
          "slug" => "banquiers-encore-un-effort-pour-entrer-dans-la-concurrence"
          "yearMonth" => "2004-12"
          "year" => "2004"
          "title" => "Banquiers, encore un effort pour entrer dans la concurrence !"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (2004). Banquiers, encore un effort pour entrer dans la concurrence ! <i>Les Echos</i>."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "L'article propose un commentaire sur les particularités du secteur bancaire français en terme d'organisation industrielle."
            "en" => "A comment on the idiosyncratic features of the industrial organization of the French banking sector."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      330 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2589
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8764"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8764"
          "slug" => "des-armes-contre-la-pauvrete"
          "yearMonth" => "2001-05"
          "year" => "2001"
          "title" => "Des armes contre la pauvreté"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2001). Des armes contre la pauvreté. <i>Les Echos</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Propositions de mesures pour lutter contre la pauvreté. Un état des lieux aux Etats-Unis et en France. Discussion des mesures pour inciter au travail et pour assurer un revenu minimum garanti."
            "en" => "Proposition to conduct the war against poverty. The situation in the USA and in France. An analysis of the measures to establish work incentives and to insure a minimum income."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      331 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2590
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8785"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8785"
          "slug" => "dosage"
          "yearMonth" => "1998-01"
          "year" => "1998"
          "title" => "Dosage"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1998). Dosage. <i>Euro Mag</i>, pp. 1."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "1"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Comment, avec l'euro, concilier une politique monétaire "européanisée" avec des politiques budgétaires demeurées nationales ? Comment respecter la nécessaire subsidiarité tout en assurant le bon policy-mix ?"
            "en" => "With the euro, how to rationalise a single european monetary policy with different national budgetary policies? How to respect the "subsidiary principle" while following the right policy mix?"
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      332 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2591
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8794"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8794"
          "slug" => "economie-des-idees-depassees"
          "yearMonth" => "1997-04"
          "year" => "1997"
          "title" => "Economie : des idées dépassées"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1997). Economie : des idées dépassées. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une critique d'idées fausses sur l'économie, notamment en matière de rôle du profit et de la mondialisation."
            "en" => "A criticism of wrong economic ideas, especially about the role of profits and the world economy."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      333 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2592
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8826"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8826"
          "slug" => "faut-il-augmenter-les-salaires"
          "yearMonth" => "1995-03"
          "year" => "1995"
          "title" => "Faut-il augmenter les salaires ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1995). Faut-il augmenter les salaires ? <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse les déterminants économiques des salaires et leurs liens avec l'emploi."
            "en" => "This article studies the economic factors that determine wages and analyses how they relate to employment."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      334 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2593
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8871"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8871"
          "slug" => "il-ny-a-pas-de-raison-davoir-peur-du-bitcoin-du-moins-aujourdhui"
          "yearMonth" => "2017-12"
          "year" => "2017"
          "title" => "Il n'y a pas de raison d'avoir peur du Bitcoin. Du moins aujourd’hui"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (2017). Il n'y a pas de raison d'avoir peur du Bitcoin. Du moins aujourd’hui. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-24 10:33:27"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      335 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2594
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8878"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8878"
          "slug" => "inflation-et-chomage-les-limites-de-la-raison"
          "yearMonth" => "1996-11"
          "year" => "1996"
          "title" => "Inflation et chômage : les limites de la raison"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1996). Inflation et chômage : les limites de la raison. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse le lien entre l'inflation et le chômage en réponse à Paul Krugman."
            "en" => "This article proposes an analysis of the ties between inflation and unemployment in response to Paul Krugman."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      336 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2595
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8901"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8901"
          "slug" => "la-bonne-fiscalite"
          "yearMonth" => "1996-10"
          "year" => "1996"
          "title" => "La "bonne" fiscalité"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1996). La "bonne" fiscalité. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article évalue la réforme fiscale française à la lumière de la théorie de la fiscalité optimale."
            "en" => "This article analyses French tax reform through the optimal tax theory criteria."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      337 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2596
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3366"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3366"
          "slug" => "a-game-theoretical-approach-to-monetary-policy-what-strategy-for-the-ecb"
          "yearMonth" => "2001-01"
          "year" => "2001"
          "title" => "A Game Theoretical Approach to Monetary Policy: What Strategy for the ECB?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et WARIN, T. (2001). A Game Theoretical Approach to Monetary Policy: What Strategy for the ECB? Dans: <i>EMU, Financial Markets and the World Economy</i>. 1st ed. Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 73-90."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "WARIN T."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "EMU, Financial Markets and the World Economy"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "73-90"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Chapitres"
            "en" => "Book chapters"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article développe un modèle de théorie des jeux, en économie ouverte, qui jette un éclairage particulier sur les signaux que peut envoyer une banque centrale quant à sa politique de taux de change. Le modèle est analysé avec un horizon fini puis infini. Des implications de politique monétaire en sont tirées."
            "en" => "The objective of this paper is to develop a game theoretical model in an open economy, that emphasizes the signals sent by central banks about their exchange rate policy. The model is developed in a finite then an infinite horizon framework. Policy implications are derived."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      338 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2597
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8937"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8937"
          "slug" => "la-mondialisation-est-favorable-au-developpement"
          "yearMonth" => "2001-09"
          "year" => "2001"
          "title" => "La mondialisation est favorable au développement"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2001). La mondialisation est favorable au développement. <i>Le Monde</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Des faits sur la mondialisation et le développement. Les évolutions possibles du développement. Des mesures pour favoriser le développement dans le cadre de la mondialisation."
            "en" => "Some crucial facts about globalization and development. Possible evolutions about development. Some propositions of actions to help underdeveloped countries to grow."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      339 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2598
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8938"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8938"
          "slug" => "la-mondialisation-est-elle-nouvelle"
          "yearMonth" => "2000-12"
          "year" => "2000"
          "title" => "La mondialisation est-elle "nouvelle" ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2000). La mondialisation est-elle "nouvelle" ? <i>Le Figaro</i>, pp. 46."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "46"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "On démontre que le monde était plus ouvert il y a un siècle qu'aujourd'hui mais que l'impact de la mondialisation est plus fort aujourd'hui qu'hier."
            "en" => "It is shown that the world was more open one century ago. But the impact of the globalization is bigger today than it was yesterday."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      340 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2599
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8939"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8939"
          "slug" => "la-monnaie-unique-est-elle-possible-en-1997"
          "yearMonth" => "1995-03"
          "year" => "1995"
          "title" => "La monnaie unique est-elle possible en 1997 ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1995). La monnaie unique est-elle possible en 1997 ? <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse les conditions pour que la France satisfasse aux critères de Maastricht en 1997. Des propositions sont faites à ce sujet."
            "en" => "This article analyses the necessary conditions for France to satisfy the Maastricht criteria for 1997. It proposes policies to achieve that result."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      341 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2600
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "8984"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "8984"
          "slug" => "le-contrat-initiative-emploi-une-fausse-bonne-idee"
          "yearMonth" => "1995-02"
          "year" => "1995"
          "title" => "Le contrat initiative-emploi : une fausse bonne idée"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1995). Le contrat initiative-emploi : une fausse bonne idée. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article fournit une analyse du contrat initiative-emploi pour lutter contre le chômage."
            "en" => "This article gives an analysis of the "Contrat initiative-emploi" to fight unemployment."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      342 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2601
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9003"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9003"
          "slug" => "le-leurre-de-la-relance-socialiste"
          "yearMonth" => "1997-05"
          "year" => "1997"
          "title" => "Le leurre de la relance socialiste"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1997). Le leurre de la relance socialiste. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "L'article analyse les moyens pour conclure une relance et montre qu'ils sont, soit inadaptés, soit en contradiction avec d'autres objectifs."
            "en" => "The article analyzes by what means a fuelling of aggregate demand could be conducted. It shows that these means are either unadapted or in contradiction with other objectives."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      343 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2602
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9060"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9060"
          "slug" => "leconomie-malade-de-la-finance"
          "yearMonth" => "1998-10"
          "year" => "1998"
          "title" => "L'économie malade de la finance"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1998). L'économie malade de la finance. <i>Libération</i>, pp. 6-7."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "6-7"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une analyse de la crise internationale et des mesures pour y faire face."
            "en" => "An analysis of the international economic crisis and of the means to deal with it."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      344 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2603
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9165"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9165"
          "slug" => "mesures-gouvernementales-et-perspectives-1995"
          "yearMonth" => "1995-07"
          "year" => "1995"
          "title" => "Mesures gouvernementales et perspectives 1995"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1995). Mesures gouvernementales et perspectives 1995. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Analyse de la conjoncture économique en 1995 et de l'impact de la politique gouvernementale sur l'emploi et la croissance."
            "en" => "An analysis of the economic situation in 1995 as well as a study of the impact of government policies on employment and growth."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      345 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2604
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9180"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9180"
          "slug" => "nos-deficits-et-leurope"
          "yearMonth" => "1999-02"
          "year" => "1999"
          "title" => "Nos déficits et l'Europe"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1999). Nos déficits et l'Europe. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article examine les critiques des budgets de la France et de l'Allemagne faites par la Commission Européenne. Il discute des raisons qui militent en faveur de la consolidation budgétaire pour ces pays."
            "en" => "The article examines the European Commission's criticisms about the French and German budget deficits. It analyses the reasons in favor of the consolidation of these budgets."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      346 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2605
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9197"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9197"
          "slug" => "oui-le-ciblage-dinflation-marche"
          "yearMonth" => "2008-09"
          "year" => "2008"
          "title" => "Oui, le ciblage d'inflation marche !"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2008). Oui, le ciblage d'inflation marche ! <i>Les Echos</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Banques centrales"
            1 => "Ciblage d'inflation"
            2 => "Politique monétaire"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Analyse de la politique monétaire des banques centrales selon le "ciblage d'inflation". Une critique des positions de J. Stiglitz."
            "en" => "An analysis of monetary policies base on inflation targetting. A critic of J. Stiglitz' positions."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      347 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2606
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9222"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9222"
          "slug" => "pourquoi-il-faut-renforcer-la-concurrence-bancaire"
          "yearMonth" => "2008-04"
          "year" => "2008"
          "title" => "Pourquoi il faut renforcer la concurrence bancaire"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (2008). Pourquoi il faut renforcer la concurrence bancaire. <i>Les Echos</i>."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "L'article plaide en faveur d'un acrroissement de la pression cooncurrentielle sur les banques françaises."
            "en" => "A plea in favor of enhancing the competitive pressure on French banks."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      348 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2607
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9230"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9230"
          "slug" => "priorite-a-la-stabilite-monetaire"
          "yearMonth" => "1992-06"
          "year" => "1992"
          "title" => "Priorité à la stabilité monétaire"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1992). Priorité à la stabilité monétaire. <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      349 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2608
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9233"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9233"
          "slug" => "programmes-pour-lemploi-combien-de-chomeurs-en-moins"
          "yearMonth" => "1995-04"
          "year" => "1995"
          "title" => "Programmes pour l'emploi : combien de chômeurs en moins ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1995). Programmes pour l'emploi : combien de chômeurs en moins ? <i>La Tribune</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article fournit un examen des programmes pour l'emploi des principaux candidats aux présidentielles et une estimation des créations d'emploi possibles."
            "en" => "This article provides an analysis of the employment proposals of the three  main presidential candidates and an estimate of the possible job creations."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      350 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2609
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3548"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3548"
          "slug" => "distinguer-mythes-et-realites-sur-la-crise-et-les-mesures-pour-en-sortir"
          "yearMonth" => "2009-01"
          "year" => "2009"
          "title" => "Distinguer mythes et réalités sur la crise et les mesures pour en sortir"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2009). Distinguer mythes et réalités sur la crise et les mesures pour en sortir. Dans: <i>Le leadership responsable. Un allié sûr contre la crise</i>. 1st ed. Gualino. Lextenso éditions, pp. 279-286."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Le leadership responsable. Un allié sûr contre la crise"
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Crise"
            1 => "Plans de relance"
            2 => "Politique monétaire"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 12:59:21"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "279-286"
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Chapitres"
            "en" => "Book chapters"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Ce chapitre examine la crise du point de vue du macro-économiste  plutôt que de chercher des « responsabilités » d'agents au niveau microéconomique. Il analyse notamment le rôle de la politique monétaire aux Etats-Unis et en Europe, et les réactions des banques centrales pour faire face au problème. Il en tire les conséquences en matière du futur possible (déflation ou inflation ?) et de l'évolution du crédit (« credit crunch ? »). Il étudie enfin la philosophie des plans de relance et met en exergue les risques associés."
            "en" => "This chapter examines the crisis from the point of view of the macro economist instead of trying to find the "responsibility" of micro economic agents. It analyses especially the role of monetary policy in the US and in Europe, and how central banks try to fix the problem. It draws implications as to the possible future (deflation or inflation?) and the evolution of bank credit (credit crunch?). Finally it studies the philosophy of the budgetary measures and shows the associated risks."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      351 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2610
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9324"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9324"
          "slug" => "un-grand-emprunt-europeen"
          "yearMonth" => "1999-01"
          "year" => "1999"
          "title" => "Un grand emprunt européen ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1999). Un grand emprunt européen ? <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une analyse des conditions nécessaires à l'émission d'un emprunt européen. Conditions économiques et institutionnelles. Contraintes et implications économiques."
            "en" => "An analysis of necessary conditions for a euro-bond issue by European institutions. Economic and institutional conditions. Constraints and economic implications."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      352 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2611
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3590"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3590"
          "slug" => "economie-politique-les-fondamentaux"
          "yearMonth" => "2014-09"
          "year" => "2014"
          "title" => "Économie Politique : Les Fondamentaux"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2014). Économie Politique : Les Fondamentaux. Dans: <i>MBA. L'essentiel du management par les meilleurs professeurs (3e édition)</i>. 3 ed. Eyrolles, pp. 19-26."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "MBA. L'essentiel du management par les meilleurs professeurs (3e édition)"
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Fondamentaux de l'économie"
            1 => "Macroéconomie"
            2 => "Pédagogie"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "19-26"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Chapitres"
            "en" => "Book chapters"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une présentation et une explication des grands fondamentaux en macro économie. Croissance, crise, productivité, investissement, chômage, inflation et déflation, taux de change, balance des paiements, libre-échange, compétitivité, concurrence sont ainsi analysée tour à tour."
            "en" => "This chapter explains the main economic variables: growth, crisis, productivity, investment, unemployment, inflation and deflation, exchange rate, balance of payments, free exchange, competitiveness, competition."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      353 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2612
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "9330"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "9330"
          "slug" => "une-grand-messe-de-lenvironnement-oui-mais-pour-quoi-faire"
          "yearMonth" => "2007-10"
          "year" => "2007"
          "title" => "Une grand-messe de l'environnement, oui mais pour quoi faire ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2007). Une grand-messe de l'environnement, oui mais pour quoi faire ? <i>Le Figaro</i>."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Economie"
            1 => "Environnement"
            2 => "Grenelle"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles ou vidéos de vulgarisation"
            "en" => "Press article, video or other popular media"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Presse"
            "en" => "Press"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une réflexion sur l'environnement et l'analyse économique, ainsi que sur la procédure utilisée pour traiter les problèmes écologiques."
            "en" => "Some thinking about environmental issues and economic analysis, as well as about the process used to deal with ecological problems."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      354 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2613
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3621"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3621"
          "slug" => "euroland-versus-the-u-s-analysis-and-framework-for-monetary-strategies"
          "yearMonth" => "2001-01"
          "year" => "2001"
          "title" => "Euroland Versus the U.S.: Analysis and Framework for Monetary Strategies"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et WARIN, T. (2001). Euroland Versus the U.S.: Analysis and Framework for Monetary Strategies. Dans: <i>International Public Policy and Regionalism at the Turn of the Century</i>. 1st ed. Pergamon, pp. 353-369."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "WARIN T."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "International Public Policy and Regionalism at the Turn of the Century"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "353-369"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Chapitres"
            "en" => "Book chapters"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse les conditions qui pourraient inciter une Banque centrale (BCE ou Fed) à prendre le taux de change de sa monnaie en considération dans la conduite de sa politique monétaire. La Banque peut envoyer des "signaux" au marché pour influencer l'information des participants. Un modèle de théorie des jeux est proposé, avec un horizon fini puis infini."
            "en" => "This article analyses the need for the ECB (or the Fed) to take the exchange rate into consideration while setting its monetary policy. The Central bank does not need to intervene but may send "signals" as to its policy on the foreign exchange market to influence the information set of payers. A game theoretical model is proposed within a finite as well as an infinite horizon framework."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      355 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2614
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3624"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3624"
          "slug" => "european-monetary-integration-theoretical-issues-and-practical-implementation"
          "yearMonth" => "1993-01"
          "year" => "1993"
          "title" => "European Monetary Integration: Theoretical Issues and Practical Implementation"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1993). European Monetary Integration: Theoretical Issues and Practical Implementation. Dans: <i>Foreign Exchange Issues, Capital Markets, and International Banking in the 1990s</i>. 1st ed. Taylor & Francis, pp. 81-90."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Foreign Exchange Issues, Capital Markets, and International Banking in the 1990s"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 09:11:19"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "81-90"
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Chapitres"
            "en" => "Book chapters"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Analyse théorique des avantages et inconvénients d'une monnaie unique. Application des résultats de l'analyse à l'Union Monétaire de l'Europe."
            "en" => "An analysis of the pros and cons of a single currency versus other systems. The results of the analysis are then applied to the European Monetary Union per se."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      356 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2615
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3625"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3625"
          "slug" => "european-monetary-union-the-case-for-fiscal-coordination"
          "yearMonth" => "2001-01"
          "year" => "2001"
          "title" => "European Monetary Union: The Case for Fiscal Coordination"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (2001). European Monetary Union: The Case for Fiscal Coordination. Dans: <i>Global Financial Markets at the Turn of the Century</i>. 1st ed. Pergamon, pp. 11-26."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Global Financial Markets at the Turn of the Century"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "11-26"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Chapitres"
            "en" => "Book chapters"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Le chapitre étudie le besoin de coordination des politiques budgétaires dans le contexte économique de l'UEM. Nous montrons qu'en l'absence de coordination des politiques budgétaires, à l'équilibre de Nash, les pays devraient manifester un déficit excessif."
            "en" => "In this chapter, we analyze the fiscal coordination issue in the Economic and Monetary Union. We show that in the absence of fiscal coordination, the resulting Nash equilibrium could lead to excessive public deficits."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      357 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2616
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3659"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3659"
          "slug" => "firms-and-the-environment-ethics-or-incentives"
          "yearMonth" => "2005-01"
          "year" => "2005"
          "title" => "Firms and the Environment: Ethics or Incentives?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2005). Firms and the Environment: Ethics or Incentives? Dans: <i>Ethical Boundaries of Capitalism</i>. 1st ed. Ashgate Publishing Limited, pp. 199-217."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Ethical Boundaries of Capitalism"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "199-217"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Chapitres"
            "en" => "Book chapters"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse la question de savoir si'l faut se fier à l'"éthique" des managers ou aux  "incitations" qu'ils reçoivent pour protéger l'environnment. Après une discussion de la "responsabilité sociale de l'entreprise", l'article montre en quoi une vision différente du comportement explique les choix des économistes et des philosophes moraux. Puis il analyse les malentendus relatifs aux analyses coûts-bénéfices et au choix des instruments fondés sur le marché ou l'Etat en matière d'environnement. Enfin, les principaux moyens de lutte contre les pollutions par les entreprises sont étudiés et évalués."
            "en" => "This article analyzes whether one should rely on the "ethics" of managers to strive for a clean environment or on the set of "incentives" that can be created. After studying the meaning of the socalled social responsibility of the firm, it shows that different perception of man explains the difference between economists and moral philosophers on the matter. It analyzes the misunderstanding with respec to cost-benefit analysis and with respect to the role of the market and the government in dealing with the subject. Then, the main types of environmental policies are evaluated with their impact on firms' behavior."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      358 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2617
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3802"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3802"
          "slug" => "la-mondialisation-mythes-et-realites"
          "yearMonth" => "2005-01"
          "year" => "2005"
          "title" => "La mondialisation : mythes et réalités"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2005). La mondialisation : mythes et réalités. Dans: <i>MBA. L'essentiel du management</i>. 1st ed. Éditions d'Organisation, pp. 27-43."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "MBA. L'essentiel du management"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "27-43"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Chapitres"
            "en" => "Book chapters"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article cherche à introduire un peu de raison dans l'examen de la mondialisation. Il analyse ses origines historiques, puis les grandes questions centrales : le rôle des multinationales, l'impact du libre échange, la pauvreté, le développement, l'environnement, le rôle de l'état, des institutions internationales et des ONG."
            "en" => "This article seeks to introduce some rationality into the analysis of globalization. It analyzes its historical roots, then the main subjects related to globalization: the role of multinational companies, free trade, poverty, development, the environment, the role of states, international institutions and NGOs."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      359 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2618
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3803"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3803"
          "slug" => "la-mondialisation-face-a-la-crise-mythes-et-realites"
          "yearMonth" => "2014-09"
          "year" => "2014"
          "title" => "La mondialisation face à la crise : mythes et réalités"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2014). La mondialisation face à la crise : mythes et réalités. Dans: <i>MBA. L'essentiel du management par les meilleurs professeurs (3e édition)</i>. 3 ed. Eyrolles, pp. 27-42."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "MBA. L'essentiel du management par les meilleurs professeurs (3e édition)"
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Mondialisation"
            1 => "Perspectives mondiales"
            2 => "Rôle des organisations"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "27-42"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Chapitres"
            "en" => "Book chapters"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse les questions majeures liées à la mondialisation et en quoi la Grande Récession peut en modifier les données et les perspectives pour ce qui concerne : l'internationalisation bancaire et financière ; les multinationales et leur rôle ; la croissance et l'emploi ; le développement des pays pauvres, la pauvreté et les inégalités mondiales; l'environnement ; les États, les instituions internationales, les ONG et leurs rôles respectifs."
            "en" => "This article analyzes various aspects of the new globalization, and to what extent the Great Recession may have changed the evolution and pespectives on different matters: international banking and finance; multinational firms and their role; growth and unemployment; development of poor countries; poverty and world inequalities; environment; the respective role of the States, international organizations and NGOs."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      360 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2619
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3826"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3826"
          "slug" => "la-strategie-economique-de-leffet-de-serre"
          "yearMonth" => "2003-01"
          "year" => "2003"
          "title" => "La stratégie économique de l'effet de serre"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2003). La stratégie économique de l'effet de serre. Dans: <i>Savoir gérer. Mélanges en l'honneur de Jean-Claude Tarondeau</i>. 1st ed. Vuibert, pp. 139-149."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Savoir gérer. Mélanges en l'honneur de Jean-Claude Tarondeau"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "139-149"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Chapitres"
            "en" => "Book chapters"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article introduit la stratégie économique dans l'analyse de l'effet de serre. Il examine un certain nombre de mythes et réalités sur la question et fait ressortir la dimension économique du phénomène. Les coûts et bénéfices, ainsi que les incertitudes du problème sont analysés. La stratégie de Kyoto et des propositions pour la faire évoluer sont présentées."
            "en" => "This article introduces the economic dimension to the greenhouse effect problem. It analyses different myths and realities on the subject. Costs and benefits as well as uncertainties about the question are studied. The Kyoto strategy is evaluated and propositions to improve it are presented."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      361 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2620
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "3831"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "3831"
          "slug" => "labor-market-institutions-and-social-welfare-in-transitional-economies"
          "yearMonth" => "1998-01"
          "year" => "1998"
          "title" => "Labor Market Institutions and Social Welfare in Transitional Economies"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (1998). Labor Market Institutions and Social Welfare in Transitional Economies. Dans: <i>Economic Transformation in Emerging Countries</i>. 1st ed. Elsevier, pp. 247-262."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Economic Transformation in Emerging Countries"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "247-262"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Chapitres"
            "en" => "Book chapters"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article propose une analyse du problème controversé de la coordination des politiques budgétaires au sein de la future Union Monétaire Européenne, tant d'un point de vue théorique que des implications de politique économique. Il soutient la thèse selon laquelle la coordination budgétaire et fiscale est nécessaire, surtout si les gouvernements se donnent un objectif de déficit. Dans la mesure où la structure économique de l'Union Européenne n'est pas connue avec précision, la solution pragmatique consiste à assigner des limites supérieures et inférieures aux déficits publics. Le modèle met en évidence le rôle positif du Pacte de Stabilité et de Croissance."
            "en" => "This paper provides an analysis of the controversial issue of fiscal coordination in the future monetary integrated Europe, from both a theoretical and a policy point of view. It is argued that fiscal coordination is necessary, in particular if governments care about deficits. The pragmatic solution when the economic structure of the European Union is not well known consists in assessing upper and lower bounds for deficits. The model emphasizes the positive role of the Stability and Growth Pact."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      362 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2621
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6790"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6790"
          "slug" => "one-currency-for-europe-from-theory-to-practice"
          "yearMonth" => "1993-03"
          "year" => "1993"
          "title" => "One Currency for Europe: From Theory to Practice"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1993). One Currency for Europe: From Theory to Practice. Dans: International Conference in Finance."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "International Conference in Finance"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 12:30:34"
          "publicationUrl" => "https://www.routledge.com/International-Finance-Contemporary-Issues/Das/p/book/9780415092814"
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => "12"
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      363 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2622
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6899"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6899"
          "slug" => "plusieurs-interventions-sur-la-situation-economique-mondiale-lespace-financier-europeen-la-monnaie-europeenne-la-concurrence-leconomie-des-pays-du-golfe-persique"
          "yearMonth" => "1988-01"
          "year" => "1988"
          "title" => "Plusieurs interventions sur : la situation économique mondiale, l'espace financier européen, la monnaie européenne, la concurrence, l'économie des pays du Golfe Persique"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1988). Plusieurs interventions sur : la situation économique mondiale, l'espace financier européen, la monnaie européenne, la concurrence, l'économie des pays du Golfe Persique."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      364 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2623
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6962"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6962"
          "slug" => "proposition-de-politique-economique-pour-les-pays-europeens"
          "yearMonth" => "1986-11"
          "year" => "1986"
          "title" => "Proposition de politique économique pour les pays européens"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1986). Proposition de politique économique pour les pays européens."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      365 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2624
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "6985"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "6985"
          "slug" => "quel-avenir-pour-la-securite-sociale"
          "yearMonth" => "1986-02"
          "year" => "1986"
          "title" => "Quel avenir pour la Sécurité Sociale"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1986). Quel avenir pour la Sécurité Sociale."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      366 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2625
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "2508"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "2508"
          "slug" => "stability-and-growth-pact-ii-incentives-and-moral-hazard"
          "yearMonth" => "2007-03"
          "year" => "2007"
          "title" => "Stability and Growth Pact II: Incentives and Moral Hazard"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et WARIN, T. (2007). Stability and Growth Pact II: Incentives and Moral Hazard. <i>Journal of Economic Policy Reform</i>, pp. 51-62."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "WARIN T."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:1 [
            0 => "Pacte de stabilité et de croissance"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-04 01:00:36"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "51-62"
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Le Pacte de Stabilité et de Croissance a été modifié le 20 mars 2005. Dans cette nouvelle version l'aspect "prévention" est renforcé mais l'aspect "dissuasion" est lui davantage relâché. Le modèle de théorie des jeux avec hasard moral que nous développons implique que les pays auront davantage tendance à jouer du hasard moral, et donc à être moins enclin à respecter le Pacte."
            "en" => "The European Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) was amended on 20 March 2005. In the new institutional design, the preventive part is tighter, but the dissuasive part is laxer. Using a game theoretical approach with moral hazard, we find that the new design does not prevent countries from engaging in moral hazard behaviours and countries will thus be less inclined to abide by the SGP."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      367 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2626
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "7095"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "7095"
          "slug" => "role-de-la-commission-au-sein-du-fmi"
          "yearMonth" => "1986-10"
          "year" => "1986"
          "title" => "Rôle de la Commission au sein du FMI"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1986). Rôle de la Commission au sein du FMI."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      368 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2627
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "2573"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "2573"
          "slug" => "tax-competition-and-information-sharing-in-europe-a-signaling-game"
          "yearMonth" => "2010-02"
          "year" => "2010"
          "title" => "Tax Competition and Information Sharing in Europe: A Signaling Game"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et WARIN, T. (2010). Tax Competition and Information Sharing in Europe: A Signaling Game. <i>International Journal of Economics and Business Research</i>, 2(1), pp. 76-86."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "WARIN T."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Fiscalité"
            1 => "Harmonisation"
            2 => "Théorie des jeux"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:30:56"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "76-86"
            "volume" => "2"
            "number" => "1"
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une analyse qui s?écarte de l?approche traditionnelle en matière d?harmonisation fiscale. Le modèle de théorie des jeux avec signal montre que cette possibilité de signal peut déboucher sur un système stable et non pas sur « le moins disant fiscal » généralement considéré."
            "en" => "A challenging view to tax harmonisation though a game theoretical model with signalling. Contrary to the traditional view, signalling leads to stability rather than a "race to the bottom"."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      369 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2628
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "2612"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "2612"
          "slug" => "the-coordination-of-fiscal-and-taxation-policy-in-the-monetary-union"
          "yearMonth" => "1997-05"
          "year" => "1997"
          "title" => "The Coordination of Fiscal and Taxation Policy in the Monetary Union"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1997). The Coordination of Fiscal and Taxation Policy in the Monetary Union. <i>Journal Officiel des Communautés Européennes</i>, pp. 3-14."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:30:58"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "3-14"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue professionnelle"
            "en" => "Professional journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une analyse du  type "Economic Policy Analysis" du problème de la coordination des politiques budgétaires et fiscales une fois l'Euro mis en place. Des propositions sur les politiques économiques et les institutions pour les mener à bien."
            "en" => "An economic policy analysis of the coordination of fiscal and taxation policies necessary after the establishment of the Euro. Several  proposals concerning economic policies as well as the proper institutions to bring about these policies."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      370 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2629
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "7229"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "7229"
          "slug" => "systeme-monetaire-et-financier-et-convertibilite-des-monnaies-dans-les-pays-de-lest"
          "yearMonth" => "1991-06"
          "year" => "1991"
          "title" => "Système monétaire et financier et convertibilité des monnaies dans les pays de l'Est"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1991). Système monétaire et financier et convertibilité des monnaies dans les pays de l'Est."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      371 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2630
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "2630"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "2630"
          "slug" => "the-ecb-interest-rate-rule-under-the-duisenberg-presidency"
          "yearMonth" => "2004-01"
          "year" => "2004"
          "title" => "The ECB Interest Rate Rule Under the Duisenberg Presidency"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2004). The ECB Interest Rate Rule Under the Duisenberg Presidency. <i>European Journal of Political Economy</i>, pp. 579-595."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "579-595"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "L'article propose plusieurs estimations empiriques de la règle monétaire de la Banque Centrale Européenne (BCE), fondées sur des données mensuelles sur la période de Janvier 1999 à Octobre 2003. La Banque semble réagir aux fluctuations de l'activité, du taux d'inflation et du taux de change."
            "en" => "This paper presents estimates of the European Central Bank (ECB)'s interest rate rule using monthly data for the period of the Willem F. Duisenberg presidency (from January 1999 to October 2003). Our results show that, like the US Federal Reserve, the ECB appears to be concerned with fluctuations in economic activity. It increases is short-term interest rate if inflation deviates from target, this reaction being stronger if based on future inflation and weaker if based on current inflation. The seemingly soft response to current inflation derives from a concern for exchange rate stability and may reflect the Bank's forecast of future inflation. The ECB also appears to smooth its interventions in the money market."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      372 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2631
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "2631"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "2631"
          "slug" => "the-ecb-monetary-policy-choices-and-challenges"
          "yearMonth" => "2007-01"
          "year" => "2007"
          "title" => "The ECB Monetary Policy: Choices and Challenges"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (2007). The ECB Monetary Policy: Choices and Challenges. <i>Journal of Policy Modeling</i>, pp. 181-194."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:7 [
            0 => "BCE"
            1 => "Euro"
            2 => "Monnaie"
            3 => "Politique monétaire "
            4 => "Règle de Taylor"
            5 => "Théorie monétaire"
            6 => "Zone euro"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "181-194"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse la politique monétaire de la BCE dans l'intervalle 1999-2006. Nous mettons en relief le comportement forward looking de la banque centrale et un objectif direct d'activité réelle dans sa fonction de réaction. Des recommandations de politique économique sont envisagées."
            "en" => "This paper analyses the European central bank (ECB) monetary policy over the period 1999-2006, with a special emphasis on the recent years. We provide several estimates for the ECB's interest rate rule that put foward its forward looking behavior, and the existence of a direct activity goal. Policy implications follow."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      373 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2632
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "7273"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "7273"
          "slug" => "the-building-of-financial-markets-in-the-eastern-countries"
          "yearMonth" => "1989-11"
          "year" => "1989"
          "title" => "The Building of Financial Markets in the Eastern Countries"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1989). The Building of Financial Markets in the Eastern Countries."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      374 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2633
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "2647"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "2647"
          "slug" => "the-end-of-the-french-paradox"
          "yearMonth" => "2013-10"
          "year" => "2013"
          "title" => "The End of the "French Paradox"?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2013). The End of the "French Paradox"? <i>Global Economy Journal</i>, 13(3), pp. 359-370."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Économie française"
            1 => "Politique économique"
            2 => "Réformes structurelles"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:30:58"
          "publicationUrl" => "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272263115_The_End_of_the_French_Paradox"
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "359-370"
            "volume" => "13"
            "number" => "3"
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article présente une analyse de court et long termes des performances de l’économie française. Il analyse les questions liées aux finances publiques, à la croissance et au chômage, surtout celui des jeunes, au système bancaire, etc. Il propose des voies des réformes structurelles qui s’avèreraient nécessaires et évalue dans quelle mesure le système politico-économique est susceptible de mener à bien ce type de réformes. En réunissant tous ces aspects, l’article met en lumière le « paradoxe » français en ces matières."
            "en" => "The purpose of this paper is to provide a short- to medium-term analysis of the performance of the French economy. It analyzes public finance, growth, unemployment, especially of young people, the banking system, etc. It proposes several avenues for needed structural reforms and evaluates whether the political-economic system can bring about these reforms. Putting these factors together illustrates the “paradox” that is the French economy."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      375 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2634
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "7305"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "7305"
          "slug" => "the-economy-of-france-in-view-of-the-presidential-election"
          "yearMonth" => "1994-09"
          "year" => "1994"
          "title" => "The Economy of France in View of the Presidential Election"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1994). The Economy of France in View of the Presidential Election."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une analyse de la situation de l'économie française et les problèmes à résoudre par le futur président."
            "en" => "An analysis of the French economic situation and the problems to be solved after the next presidential elections."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      376 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2635
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "7330"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "7330"
          "slug" => "the-future-of-europe"
          "yearMonth" => "1989-05"
          "year" => "1989"
          "title" => "The Future of Europe"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1989). The Future of Europe."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      377 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2636
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "7331"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "7331"
          "slug" => "the-future-of-europe-as-seen-through-french-eyes"
          "yearMonth" => "1993-11"
          "year" => "1993"
          "title" => "The Future of Europe as Seen through French Eyes"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1993). The Future of Europe as Seen through French Eyes."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-04-19 17:57:25"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "La construction européenne et ses problèmes."
            "en" => "The future of Europe and its problems."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      378 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2637
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "2665"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "2665"
          "slug" => "the-impact-of-enterprise-reform-on-labor-markets-in-transitional-economies-a-multi-sector-model"
          "yearMonth" => "1995-12"
          "year" => "1995"
          "title" => "The Impact of Enterprise Reform on Labor Markets in Transitional Economies: A Multi-sector Model"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VRANCEANU, R. (1995). The Impact of Enterprise Reform on Labor Markets in Transitional Economies: A Multi-sector Model. <i>Economic Systems</i>, pp. 285-303."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "name" => "VRANCEANU Radu"
              "bid" => "B00000524"
              "slug" => "vranceanu-radu"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-03 12:35:42"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "285-303"
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "L'article étudie le fonctionnement du marché du travail dans les économies en transition ainsi que les facteurs institutionnels déterminant l'emploi et les salaires. Il y a deux secteurs ("privé" et "d'Etat") qui interagissent : chômage, emploi et salaires sont la solution d'un système d'équations simultanées."
            "en" => "The objective of this paper is to provide a model of the labor market in transitional economies and of the institutional factors determining employment and wages. We consider two sectors : the State Sector and the Private one, each of them being characterized by a specific employment behavior. Their interaction jointly determines wages and employment."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      379 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2638
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "7450"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "7450"
          "slug" => "the-stability-and-growth-pact-the-centipedes-resurrection-from-ashes"
          "yearMonth" => "2004-05"
          "year" => "2004"
          "title" => "The Stability and Growth Pact: The Centipede's Resurrection from Ashes"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2004). The Stability and Growth Pact: The Centipede's Resurrection from Ashes. Dans: Fourteenth International Conference, International Trade and Finance Association. San Antonio."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Fourteenth International Conference, International Trade and Finance Association"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-08 17:18:39"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Communications dans une conférence"
            "en" => "Presentations at an Academic or Professional conference"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      380 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2639
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "2795"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "2795"
          "slug" => "un-principe-a-manier-avec-precaution"
          "yearMonth" => "2004-01"
          "year" => "2004"
          "title" => "Un principe à manier avec précaution"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2004). Un principe à manier avec précaution. <i>Risques</i>, pp. 93-97."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "93-97"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une analyse du principe de précaution (PP) avec ses avantages et ses inconvénients. Après une distinction entre "risque" et "incertitude" l'article examine les risques de dérives possibles du PP et leurs conséquences économiques, sociales et scientifiques. Il conclut par des propositions pour une application "intelligente" du PP."
            "en" => "An analysis of the precautionary principle (PP) with its pros and cons. After distinguishing between "risk" and "uncertainty" the article studies how the PP could lead to unexpected collateral economic, social or scientific consequences. Some policy implications are developed for an "intelligent" use of the PP."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      381 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2640
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "2848"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "2848"
          "slug" => "vers-un-gouvernement-economique-de-leurope"
          "yearMonth" => "1997-06"
          "year" => "1997"
          "title" => "Vers un gouvernement économique de l'Europe"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1997). Vers un gouvernement économique de l'Europe. <i>Commentaire</i>, pp. 405-414."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 17:55:06"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "405-414"
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse la situation des Etats membres de l'Union européenne vis-à-vis des critères de Maastricht,  les trois stratégies possibles pour mettre en place la monnaie unique,  le Pacte de stabilité et de croissance et les caractéristiques d'un "Gouvernement économique" de l'Europe."
            "en" => "This article analyses the economic situation of the EU member states when compared to the criteria described in the treaty of Maastricht, the three possible strategies to establish the single currency , the growth and stability pact as well as the characteristics of an "Economic Government" for Europe."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      382 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2641
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "7706"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "7706"
          "slug" => "la-rupture-le-liberalisme-a-lepreuve-des-faits"
          "yearMonth" => "1986-01"
          "year" => "1986"
          "title" => "La rupture : le libéralisme à l'épreuve des faits"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. [Ed] (1986). <i>La rupture : le libéralisme à l'épreuve des faits</i>. Economica, 156 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 21:00:33"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Direction d'ouvrage"
            "en" => "Book editor"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      383 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2642
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "2968"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "2968"
          "slug" => "currency-crises-a-theoretical-and-empirical-perspective"
          "yearMonth" => "2004-01"
          "year" => "2004"
          "title" => "Currency Crises. A Theoretical and Empirical Perspective"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et FRANCK, R. (2004). <i>Currency Crises. A Theoretical and Empirical Perspective</i>. Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd, 261 pages."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "FRANCK R."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Ce livre examine la question des crises de change sur les plans théorique et empirique. Il analyse le déclenchement des crises et leur propagation entre pays. Il se concentre sur les modèles de première, deuxième et troisième générations des crises de change et examine également le rôle que pourrait jouer le système financier pour éviter ces crises."
            "en" => "This book provides an extensive perspective and a comprehensive view of currency crises on the theoretical and empirical sides. It analyzes the outbreak and propagation of crises following three types of models. It focuses on first, second and third-generation models of currency crises, and also discusses the role of the international financial system in preventing currency crises."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      384 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2643
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "2983"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "2983"
          "slug" => "die-welt-der-wirtschaft"
          "yearMonth" => "2007-01"
          "year" => "2007"
          "title" => "Die Welt Der Wirtschaft"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2007). <i>Die Welt Der Wirtschaft</i>. Campus Verlag, 186 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Economie"
            1 => "Problèmes"
            2 => "Théorie économique"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet ouvrage est l'adaptation allemande de "L'économie expliquée à ma fille", Seuil, 2006. Il présente les grandes approches de l'analyse économique et les grandes questions économiques liées. Un examen sérieux mais pédagogique et convivial de l'économie, dans une version "germanisée" et adaptée à un public international."
            "en" => "This book is an adaptation in German of "L'économie expliquée à ma fille", Seuil, 2006. It analyses and discusses the main economic theories and the main economic questions. A serious but pedagogical presentation of economics, adapted to a German and international readership."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      385 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2644
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "2984"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "2984"
          "slug" => "die-welt-der-wirtschaft-traduction-en-allemand-de-louvrage-leconomie-expliquee-a-ma-fille"
          "yearMonth" => "1998-01"
          "year" => "1998"
          "title" => "Die Welt der Wirtschaft (Traduction en allemand de l'ouvrage : L'économie expliquée à ma fille"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1998). <i>Die Welt der Wirtschaft (Traduction en allemand de l'ouvrage : L'économie expliquée à ma fille</i>. Campus Verlag, 188 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une présentation pédagogique et allègre de la théorie économique, surtout macro-économique, pour un large public. Une approche des grandes questions économiques et de leur fondements scientifiques, réfléchie, sans toutefois que l'auteur se prenne au sérieux."
            "en" => "A pedagogical and good humored presentation of economic theory, especially macroeconomics, for a wide non-specialist readership. A serious approach of the current important economic questions as well as of their scientific background, in which the author does not take himself too seriously."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      386 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2645
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "2992"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "2992"
          "slug" => "effet-de-serre-le-grand-mensonge"
          "yearMonth" => "2002-10"
          "year" => "2002"
          "title" => "Effet de serre : le grand mensonge ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2002). <i>Effet de serre : le grand mensonge ?</i> Editions du Seuil, 140 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Ce livre cherche à mettre de la raison scientifique dans un débat très émotionnel. Il analyse l'ensemble des thèmes politico-économiques liés au réchauffement possible de la planète (causes et conséquences de la hausse de température, facture du réchauffement, mesures pour y faire face, grands choix de politique économique, Kyoto, les américains, les PVD, etc...)."
            "en" => "This book seeks to introduce some scientific basis on a highly emotional subject. It analyses the main economic and politial themes associated to a possible climate warming (causes and consequences of temperature increases, measures to take, choices in political economy, cost-benefit analysis, Kyoto, the US position)."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      387 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2646
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "2998"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "2998"
          "slug" => "erklart-die-globalisierung-la-mondialisation-racontee-a-ma-fille-version-allemande"
          "yearMonth" => "2008-01"
          "year" => "2008"
          "title" => "Erklärt Die Globalisierung (La mondialisation racontée à ma fille - version allemande)"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2008). <i>Erklärt Die Globalisierung (La mondialisation racontée à ma fille - version allemande)</i>. 2 ed. Frankfort / New-York: Campus Verlag, 224 pages."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => array:3 [
            0 => "Economie"
            1 => "International"
            2 => "Mondialisation"
          ]
          "updatedAt" => "2021-09-06 14:06:32"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Une explication conviviale mais sérieuse de la mondialisation avec toutes les questions qui l'accompagnent : les multinationales, l'emploi, la culture, le développement, la pauvreté, l'immigration, l'écologie, les ONG, etc. Une 1ère édition allemande de « La mondialisation racontée à ma fille », Seuil 2007."
            "en" => "A convivial but serious explanation of globalization with all the questions that go with it: multinational compagnies, employment, culture, development, poverty, immigration, environment, NGO, etc. A German edition of "La mondialisation racontée à ma fille", Seuil, 2007."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      388 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2647
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11161"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11161"
          "slug" => "the-impact-of-fiscal-and-monetary-policies-on-the-french-financial-system"
          "yearMonth" => "1978-08"
          "year" => "1978"
          "title" => "The Impact of Fiscal and Monetary Policies on the French Financial System"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1978). The Impact of Fiscal and Monetary Policies on the French Financial System. <i>Journal of Monetary Economics</i>, 4(3), pp. 519-541."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:48"
          "publicationUrl" => "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0304393278900454"
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "519-541"
            "volume" => "4"
            "number" => "3"
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "This paper presents a model of the French financial system and analyses the influence of policy instruments on one price (the interest rate) and two quantities (the stocks of bank credit and money). The development of hypotheses as to the behavior of the banking system and the public leads to a theoretical construct of the monetary system. After a comparative static analysis, the model is tested and the influence of policy instruments on the above mentioned three variables is empirically ascertained. Among other things, it is shown that the required reserve system is not optimally established and that some institutional reforms would improve the authorities' control over monetary processes."
            "en" => "This paper presents a model of the French financial system and analyses the influence of policy instruments on one price (the interest rate) and two quantities (the stocks of bank credit and money). The development of hypotheses as to the behavior of the banking system and the public leads to a theoretical construct of the monetary system. After a comparative static analysis, the model is tested and the influence of policy instruments on the above mentioned three variables is empirically ascertained. Among other things, it is shown that the required reserve system is not optimally established and that some institutional reforms would improve the authorities' control over monetary processes."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      389 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2648
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11160"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11160"
          "slug" => "la-formation-du-taux-dinteret-et-le-marche-des-credits-bancaires-francais-une-etude-theorique-et-econometrique"
          "yearMonth" => "1975-07"
          "year" => "1975"
          "title" => "La formation du taux d'intérêt et le marché des crédits bancaires français : Une étude théorique et économétrique"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1975). La formation du taux d'intérêt et le marché des crédits bancaires français : Une étude théorique et économétrique. <i>Revue Economique</i>, 26(4), pp. 553."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:48"
          "publicationUrl" => "https://www.jstor.org/stable/3500845?seq=1"
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "553"
            "volume" => "26"
            "number" => "4"
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article développe et teste économétriquement un modèle du marché des crédits bancaires français afin d'analyser les facteurs déterminant les variations du taux de l'intérêt. Le modèle établit des hypothèses quant à l'offre et à la demande de prêts bancaires et introduit l'influence des instruments de la politique monétaire et budgétaire sur le comportement des banques et du public (ménages + entreprises). Ainsi il permet d'estimer l'efficacité des instruments de politique quant à leur influence sur le taux de l'intérêt. Le modèle est présenté après une rapide revue théorique de certaines thèses relatives au fonctionnement des mécanismes monétaires. Les hypothèses faites quant à l'offre de crédits nourris et la demande de refinancements des banques et quant à la demande de crédits bancaires sont utilisées pour conduire une analyse théorique de la formation du taux de l'intérêt. Les hypothèses sont ensuite soumises aux tests économétriques afin de juger de leur validité. Les résultats ainsi obtenus conduisent alors à une évaluation empirique de l'influence de chacun des instruments de politique considéré sur le taux de l'intérêt. En faisant ressortir le comportement des agents économiques sur le marché des crédits bancaires, les analyses théoriques et empiriques permettent d'établir des implications d'un intérêt certain aussi bien pour les économistes et les autorités monétaires que pour les banquiers."
            "en" => "This paper presents a model of the loan market whose objective is to study interest rate formation in France. The influence of policy instruments on the behavior of the banking system and the public (households + firms) is analysed by developing hypotheses as to supply and demand for loans. Hence, the efficiency of policy instruments to act upon interest rate movements can be studied within a solid analytical framework. The structure of the model is developed after a rapid review of the literature on monetary mecanisms. The hypotheses upon which the model is constructed are then used to pursue a theoretical analysis of interest rate formation. Afterwards, the model is subjected to the empirical test so as to evaluate the validity of the hypotheses. These results are then utilized to obtain empirical estimations as to the impact of policy instruments upon interest rate movements. The theoretical analysis, and its empirical counterpart, permits the drawing of crucial theoretical and empirical implications of great concern for economists, central bankers, and commercial bankers."
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      390 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2649
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11163"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11163"
          "slug" => "limpact-du-s-m-i-c-sur-le-chomage-les-lecons-dexperience"
          "yearMonth" => "1980-11"
          "year" => "1980"
          "title" => "L'impact du S.M.I.C. sur le chômage : les leçons d'expérience"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1980). L'impact du S.M.I.C. sur le chômage : les leçons d'expérience. <i>Revue d'économie politique</i>, 90(6), pp. 881-893."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2021-07-13 14:31:48"
          "publicationUrl" => "https://www.jstor.org/stable/24697399?seq=1"
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => "881-893"
            "volume" => "90"
            "number" => "6"
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Articles"
            "en" => "Journal articles"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Revue scientifique"
            "en" => "Scientific journal"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet article analyse sur le plan théorique et surtout empirique l'impact du S.M.I.C. sur le chômage de quatre catégories sociales : les jeunes et les adultes, hommes et femmes. Il étudie également l'influence du niveau d'activité économique et de la démographie. D'après les tests économétriques, le modèle proposé constitue une explication très satisfaisante du chômage des jeunes, mais un peu moins satisfaisante de celui des adultes. Il ressort en particulier que la hausse du salaire minimum paraît avoir nettement dominé la montée du taux de chômage des hommes et des femmes de moins de 25 ans depuis le début de la crise. Des réformes sont proposées pour améliorer et la politique de l'emploi et la politique de redistribution des revenus."
            "en" => null
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      391 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2650
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11221"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11221"
          "slug" => "monnaie-unique-et-fiscalite-de-lepargne-quelle-europe-financiere"
          "yearMonth" => "1998-09"
          "year" => "1998"
          "title" => "Monnaie Unique et Fiscalité de l'Epargne : quelle Europe Financière ?"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et VON WOGAU, K. (1998). <i>Monnaie Unique et Fiscalité de l'Epargne : quelle Europe Financière ?</i> 1 ed. Sèvres: Agora Europe."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "VON WOGAU K."
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => ""
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2020-12-17 18:37:46"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => null
            "volume" => null
            "number" => null
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Livres"
            "en" => "Books"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Cet ouvrage analyse en quoi la mise en place de l'euro va modifier le paysage financier et bancaire européen. L'accélération de la concurrence qui va en résulter ne va pas manquer d'influer sur l'impact de la fiscalité de l'épargne, et donc des mouvements de capitaux, de l'offre de fonds et de la demande d'épargne. Quelles en seront les conséquences pour les marchés, les institutions, les entreprises et les épargnants ?"
            "en" => "This book analyses to what extent the euro will change the european financial and banking structures. The competitive increase that will follow will influence the impact of taxation on savings on the movements of capital, the supply of funds and the demand for savings. What will be the consequences on markets, institutions, firms and savers?"
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      392 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2651
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11393"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11393"
          "slug" => "the-french-economy-evaluation-prospects-and-policy-recommendations"
          "yearMonth" => "1977-05"
          "year" => "1977"
          "title" => "The  French  Economy: Evaluation,  Prospects  and  Policy  Recommendations"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. et ROSA, J.J. (1977). The  French  Economy: Evaluation,  Prospects  and  Policy  Recommendations. Dans: <i>Shadow European Economic Policy Committee, PPS 77-9</i>. University of Rochester Policy  Center Publications."
          "authors" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "name" => "ROSA Jean-Jacques"
            ]
          ]
          "ouvrage" => "Shadow European Economic Policy Committee, PPS 77-9"
          "keywords" => []
          "updatedAt" => "2023-03-08 17:17:20"
          "publicationUrl" => null
          "publicationInfo" => array:3 [
            "pages" => ""
            "volume" => ""
            "number" => ""
          ]
          "type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Actes d'une conférence"
            "en" => "Conference Proceedings"
          ]
          "support_type" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Editeur"
            "en" => "Publisher"
          ]
          "countries" => array:2 [
            "fr" => null
            "en" => null
          ]
          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => ""
            "en" => ""
          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
        +lang: "fr"
        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
      393 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2652
        #_index: "academ_contributions"
        #_id: "11394"
        #_source: array:18 [
          "id" => "11394"
          "slug" => "reponse-aux-critiques-dun-modele-dequilibre-general-du-systeme-monetaire-francais-en-economie-ouverte"
          "yearMonth" => "1977-10"
          "year" => "1977"
          "title" => "Réponse aux critiques d'"Un modèle d'équilibre général du système monétaire français en économie ouverte"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (1977). Réponse aux critiques d'"Un modèle d'équilibre général du système monétaire français en économie ouverte. <i>Recherches Economiques et Sociales</i>, Commissariat Général du Plan, CORDES."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "name" => "FOURÇANS André"
              "bid" => "B00000199"
              "slug" => "fourcans-andre"
            ]
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          "abstract" => array:2 [
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      394 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2653
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          "slug" => "comment-reussir-notre-transition-economique"
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          "year" => "2022"
          "title" => "Comment réussir notre transition économique"
          "description" => "FOURÇANS, A. (2022). <i>Comment réussir notre transition économique</i>. Librinova."
          "authors" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
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          "abstract" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "L’ouvrage examine les grands évènements de l’histoire économique et sociale depuis une cinquantaine d’années, d’une écriture vivante et claire, en s’efforçant de comprendre comment nous en sommes arrivés où nous en sommes arrivés aujourd’hui. Et pour en tirer les leçons pour demain. La narration décode la pensée de nos « élites » ainsi que le style et le fonctionnement de nos institutions de même que les grands enjeux auxquels la France doit faire face."
            "en" => "L’ouvrage examine les grands évènements de l’histoire économique et sociale depuis une cinquantaine d’années, d’une écriture vivante et claire, en s’efforçant de comprendre comment nous en sommes arrivés où nous en sommes arrivés aujourd’hui. Et pour en tirer les leçons pour demain. La narration décode la pensée de nos « élites » ainsi que le style et le fonctionnement de nos institutions de même que les grands enjeux auxquels la France doit faire face."
          ]
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            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
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        ]
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      395 => Essec\Faculty\Model\Contribution {#2654
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          "slug" => "capital-investment-evaluation-for-the-multinational-firm"
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          "title" => "Capital investment evaluation for the multinational firm"
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            "fr" => "In their profit-seeking activities, multinational corporations have global opportunities to evaluate as well as increased risks and complexities to contend with. Hence, there is a significant need for the development of robust models to handle the new dimensions faced by firms functioning in an international environment. Particularly, in capital budgeting where decisions are made regarding the long-run livelihood and performance of the firm, it is essential to analyze carefully and to reflect adequately all of the critical variables. The great number of relevant variables, their significant interrelationships, and the high degree of uncertainty render mathematical optimization models extremely complex or infeasible to solve within reasonable computer memory or time limitations. To overcome these shortcomings and to arrive at an economically rational treatment of the capital budgeting problem, a “Hertz-type” simulation model is formulated for the multinational firm. The important international variables—foreign exchange rates, foreign tax methodology, host government controls, and other social, economic and political factors—are reflected in the model. A two stage approach is utilized: first, investment projects are analyzed by the subsidiary and if they pass this first screening they are proposed for the parent's consideration; second, the parent evaluates the attractiveness of projects from its point of view and ranks proposals for acceptance considering all global opportunities. The model is designed so that sensitivity analysis can be easily performed."
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          ]
          "authors_fields" => array:2 [
            "fr" => "Economie"
            "en" => "Economics"
          ]
          "indexedAt" => "2024-11-21T08:21:48.000Z"
        ]
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        +"_type": "_doc"
        +"_score": 3.6656675
        +"parent": null
      }
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